摘要
利用乳化剂Span 80配制出一种稳定的煤油-水乳浊液作为模型乳浊液，进而从大港油田废水中筛选出1株破乳能力较强的红球菌PR-1．该菌株培养液在55℃下8h可以使模型乳浊液完全破乳，且在实验条件下比化学破乳剂DGF-01具有更强的破乳活性．研究发现，乳浊液的破乳为线性增长过程，冻融和高压灭菌对其破乳能力没有影响，菌体细胞是破乳的主要活性成分，经超声波破碎及有机溶剂处理后其破乳活性显著降低．菌体表面有很强的疏水性，其对烃的枯附率为84％，碳链长度范围在C27～C54的枝菌酸类物质是保持菌体细胞完整性和疏水性的关键，其对细胞的破乳活性也至关重要．PR-1菌株发酵液用于原油乳状液的破乳具有操作方便，破乳率高，应用面广，无毒无害等优点，且能完全脱出J9-19原油乳状液中的水，因此可作为原油乳状液或油田采出水的破乳剂．
Rhodococcus sp. PR-1 with high capability of demulsification on a surfactant-stabilized kerosene-water model emulsion was isolated from sewage of Dagang oil field. It could demulsify the model emulsion completely in 8 hours at 55℃ and had better demulsifying capability than chemical demulsifier DGF-01. The freezing-thawing and autoclaving had no effect on the process of demulsification, yet ultrasonic disposal and deal with organic solvent could inhibit its activity. A linear relationship, not the first order reaction that was used in some references, was observed between the percentage of demulsification and reaction time. The demulsifying capability of PR-1 was mainly resulted from the hydrophobic surfaces of microbial cells, which were characterized by the mycolic acids with the carbon-chain-length from 27 to 54. These results provide foundation for biological application on demulsifying crude oil emulsions in produced water of oil field.
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第6期1191-1196,共6页
Environmental Science
基金
教育部南开大学-天津大学科技合作基金项目
关键词
红球菌
乳状液
生物破乳
枝菌酸
原油
Rhodococcus sp.
emulsion
bio-demulsification
mycolic acids
crude oil
