摘要
本实验用微血管铸型扫描电镜技术、酶组织化学染色和墨汁灌注光镜观察法,对25例正常儿童心脏左心室壁3层的微血管立体构筑进行了研究。获得了儿童左室壁从微动脉→中间微动脉→真毛细血管→毛细血管后微静脉→“萝卜根样”和“人参根样”汇集微静脉这一微循环单位三维空间排列的真实构型资料。儿童左心室壁3层中的微动脉构型各有其形态学特点:心外膜呈弯曲状,似网状分布;心肌内呈树枝样分布;心内膜呈丛样分布。毛细血管网的空间构型也各有特点,心外膜有密集的毛细血管网;心肌内呈拱顶形、旋涡形和呈平行排列的毛细血管网;心内膜毛细血管局部密集成片样。微动脉铸型表面可见内皮细胞核压述,中间微动脉起端和真毛细血管起端有环状压痕。毛细血管后微静脉的构型在3层中各有差别:心外膜的徽静脉类似“萝卜根样”;心肌和心内膜的微静脉类似“人参根样”。3层的毛细血管直径分别为:7.2±1.9μm,4.3±1.0μm 和5.4±1.6μm,直径大小有显著性差异(P<0.01)。微血管的密度为:心外膜3484.44/mm^2,心肌3356.48/mm^2,心内膜3285.33/mm^2,3者无显著性差异(P>0.05)。
The microvascular architecture of the three layers in left ventricular wall of
25 normal children hearts was studied by scanning electron microscopy of the vascu-
lar casts,histochemical method(alkaline phosphatase stain)and light microscopy of
India-ink injection.A true three dimensional spatial configuration of the microcir-
culation unit was obtained.
The arteriolar configuration had very different characteristics from one another
in the three layers examined.The arterioles in the epicardium presented a similar
mesh distribution;tree-like branches were distributed mainly in the myocardium;the
arterioles in subendocardium appeared as a plexiform distribution.The spatial struc-
tures of capillary had several different characteristics:a close capillary network in
the epicardium;the capillary mesh in the myocardium showed the appearance of an
arcade-type and vertex-like arrangement and parallelly arranged to the myofibers;
the one in the subendocardium seems to be sheet-like.
Arteriole casts from the three areas were essentially the same in the fact that
they frequently showed prominent endothelial nuclear impressions and ring-shape
impressions.The unusual appearance of venules called“turnip root”and“ginseng
root”was found in the three regions.
The diameter of capillaries are 7.2±1.9μm,4.3±1.0μm and 5.4±1.6μm in the
epicardium,myocardium and endocardium respectively.The difference between the
diameter of capillaries in three layers is highly significant(P<0.01).The density
of microvessels are 3484.44/mm^2,3356.48/mm^2 and 3285.33/mm^2 in the epicardium,
myocardium and endocardium respectively.The difference between them is not
significant(P>0.05).
出处
《解剖学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1989年第3期234-239,共6页
Acta Anatomica Sinica
关键词
微血管
立体构筑
光镜
扫描电镜
Microvasculature
Three-dimensional-architecture
Alkaline phosphatase stain
Scanning electron microscopy
