摘要
在总结已有工作基础上,对生态需水、生态耗水、生态用水以及生态与环境的概念进行阐述。对生态需水的分类体系进行探讨,认为按空间的一级分类可分为河道内和河道外生态需水,若按尺度可分为宏观和微观生态需水。河道内生态需水又可分为水土保持需水、河道生态与环境需水、流域湿地保护需水、河口生态需水及地下水生态水位;河道外生态需水指城市生态环境需水、防护林体系需水、湿地补水等。介绍计算生态需水的6大基本程序:生态水文分区、分区生态功能识别、现状评价、确定管理目标、生态需水计算以及监测和管理。
A discussion is made on the concept of ecological water demand, ecological water consumption, and ecological water utilization, based on previous researches. It is pointed out that ecological water demand can be divided into in channel water demand and out of channel water demands according to the first class classification, and can be divided into water demands of water soil conservation, river channel ecological environment, wetland ecological environment, and rural ecological environment, and other water demands according to the second class classification. Besides, six basic procedures of the classification are introduced, including the ecological hydrological partition, ecological function identification for subareas, evaluation of present situation, determination of management objectives, calculation of ecological water demand, and monitoring and management of water demand.
出处
《水资源保护》
CAS
2003年第5期5-8,共4页
Water Resources Protection
基金
国家"十五"科技攻关资助项目(2001BA610A 01)
关键词
水资源
生态环境
生态需水
分类体系
监测
ecological water demand
classification system
water resources
ecological environment
