摘要
水是西北地区生态的关键生境要素,西北地区严重的生态环境问题使得生态需水随着西部开发受到广泛的关注。论文指出生态需水所涉及的理论问题,从生态系统稳定性探讨原始天然生态系统的适宜开发强度,在此基础上,遵循可持续发展的生态观探讨西北地区生态保护与生态建设的模式;从地带性理论和径流形成原理分析西北地区各类自然地理单元上的植被需水规律,从而明确了自然界哪些生态完全靠降水支撑、哪些生态除降水之外还需径流支撑,用生态的排序方法进一步分析干旱地区地下水埋深与植被类型的关系。同时,通过分析土地利用变化与径流形成的关系,以及生物与环境的不可分割性与物竞天择的自然选择原理给出生态需水的概念,从而为量化生态需水提供了理论依据。
Ecological water requirement is a new research direction of water resources manage-ment.There are many different understandings about this concept.The paper analyses the essence of ecological water requirements basing on sustainable development.It also analyses the principle of vegetation with water that answers the following questions:Which part of vegetation is sus-tained only by precipitation rather than by transforming runoff?Which part of vegetation is sus-tained mostly by runoff?And what relation is between vegetation and groundwater table in dry land?
出处
《自然资源学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第1期1-8,共8页
Journal of Natural Resources
基金
国家"九五"科技攻关项目(96-912-01-04)。
