摘要
使用乳化油燃料,可以使重油燃烧得更加充分,节省能源并减少烟尘排放对环境的污染。乳化重油应用中最关键的问题是稳定乳液的制备。文献介绍多是使用表面活性剂及其组合物。采用均匀设计与调优软件进行实验方案的设计和实验结果的优化,考察了乳化剂中阴离子、非离子和阳离子表面活性剂间的协同作用。所得到的最佳配方为阴离子表面活性剂质量为10mg,非离子表面活性剂1质量为30mg,非离子表面活性剂2质量为9mg,非离子表面活性剂3质量为30mg乳化剂(共占乳化油总量约8.0×10-4),可使油水比为70∶30的油包水型乳化重油在80℃下稳定3d以上,常温下稳定1a以上。通过对不同重油乳化稳定性的研究,表明其乳液稳定性差别较大。
By the use of emulsified heavy oil, the oil can be combusted more completely, resulting in the little usage of the energy resources, little dust emission to the environments .The key problem to the application of emulsified heavy oil is the preparation of the stable emulsion. Surfactants and the comprising of them were used in many previous papers. In this paper, by the use of the uniform design and optimization software to design the experimental plans and the optimization of the results, the cooperative effects between the anionic, cationic and nonionic type surfactants used as the emulsifiers were researched. The results show that with the emulsifier formulation of anionic surfactant about 10 mg, nonionic surfactant 1 about 30 mg, nonionic surfactant 2 about 9 mg, nonionic surfactant 3 about 30 mg (0.08% in emulsified oil), a W/O type emulsion heavy oil with the oil water ratio to 70∶30 with stability higher than 3 d at 80 ℃ and one year at ambient temperature. The results also show that the emulsion stability of heavy oils from different resources is dissimilar.
出处
《石油化工高等学校学报》
CAS
2003年第3期24-28,共5页
Journal of Petrochemical Universities
