摘要
1988～1989年,在大田和水培条件下,对杂交中籼稻献改优63的颖花分化和退化、单位面积的库容量、结实率、根系活力等进行了研究。结果表明:(1) 每穗颖花数多,单位面积总颖花量,产量库容量大,亩适宜颖花量为3336万朵左右;(2) 分化颖花数多、退化率高(52.67％)。减少颖花退化是争取大穗的主要途径;(3) 结实率低而不稳,变异幅度大(64.98％～96.08％),是左右产量的首要因素;(4) 抽穗期茎生叶比叶重,茎鞘率与结实率均呈线性正相关。相关系数分别为0.8861、0.7145,单位面积总颖花量与结实率呈线性负相关,相关系数为-0.7217,灌浆结实期颖花根活量越大,结实率越高。认为减少颖花退化、主攻大穗、使单位面积总颖花量达到适宜颖花量。通过提高茎生叶比叶重、茎鞘率和颖花根活量的途径提高结实率,这是献改优63高产栽培的重要途径。
Researches on the hybrid rice Xiangaiyou 63 were carried out under field and solution culture conditions in 1988 and 1989. The differentiated and retrograded spikelet number, ripening per centage and root activity was analyscd. Results indicated that: 1. It had large numbers of spikelets perpanicle and per unit area, and consequently, with a huge yield capacity, the optimum spikelet number per mu was around 33.36 million; 2. The differentiated spikelet number was large while the retrograded spikelets percentage was as high as 52.67％. So, decreasing the number of retrograded spikelets was the main path to obtainning big panicles; 3. Ripening percentage was low and unstable, ranged from 64.98％ to 96.08％, came to be the first factor that influenced the yield; 4. Specific leaf weight (SLW) of stem-borne leaf、stem and sheath percentage at heading were lineared positively with ripening percentage with correlation coefficient of 0.8861~*. 0.7145^(**), respectively. Spikelet number per unit area had negative linear corelation with ripening percentage, with coefficient r=-0.7217^(*.). The higher the spikelet root activity was, the higher the ripening percentage would be. It was concluded that decreasing the number of retrograded spikelets to obtain big panicles, keeping the spikelet number per unit area at the optimum point, and, by raising stem-borne leaf SLW, stem and sheath percentage and promoting spikelet root activity to increase ripening Percentage were the important approaches to high yielding cultivation of Xiangaiyou 63.
出处
《江苏农学院学报》
CSCD
1992年第3期21-26,共6页
Jiangsu Agricultural Research
关键词
杂交稻
栽培
中稻
Rice
Sink
Ripening percentage
Specific leaf weight
Stem and sheath percentage
Spikelet root activity
