摘要
研究表明,贵州高原粳稻或矮秆粳稻均存在极显著的品种间光呼吸速率(Pr)、净光合速率(Pn)差异,而Pr/(Pn+Pr)比值的类型内品种间差异不显著,矮秆粳稻的Pr/(Pn+Pr比值却显著高于高原粳。三个光合生理性状在F_1代均有杂种优势存在,优势强弱因组合而异。它们都是由多基因控制或多基因与主基因共同控制的数量性状。基因效应分析结果表明,Pr的遗传不符合加性——显性模型,加性X显性互作效应是极显著的。而Pn的遗传用m、(d)、(h)三种基因效应已足够解释其遗传控制系统的性质,加性及显性效应是显著或极显著的。在品种及不同组合F_2代群体内Pr与Pn的相关都是显著或极显著的。Pr/(Pn+Pr)比值在F_2代有遗传变异出现,在一些组合中有低Pr和高Pn的个体出现。
Based upon our experiment of 8 Guizhou phateau traditional keing Rice and 8 dwarf improved keng Rice Varieties in 1986. 22 combinations of F_1generation and 5 combinations of generation in 1987. the results obtained were summarized as follows:Significant or highly significant differences in photorespiration rate (Pr), net photosynthetic rate (Pn) were observed between varieties both in Guizhou platean traditional keing rice and dwarf improved keing rice, but the ratio of Pr to (Pn+Pr) were not observed. However the ratio of Pr to (Pn+Pr) of dwarf improved keing Rice was higher than that of Guizhou Plateau traditional Keing rice. In F_1, the average heterosis of the ratio of Pr to (Pn+Pr) was the highest followed by pr, Pn was the lowest. The inheritance of three photosgnthetie characters was mainly contralled by polygene or by major gene and polygene together. The inheritance of Pr couldn't be adequately explained with the addilive-dominace model, because the additive-dominance xdominance interaction (j) was highly significant. But the inheritance of Pn could be adequately explained with the additive-domonace model. The highly signifcant positive correlation between Pr and Pn existed in varieties and F_2 population of different combinations. There was genetic variation of the ratio of Pr to (Pn+Pr) in F_2 population. The high Pn but low Pr individual existed in some combinations. From the results of our study, we think that breeding for low photorespiration in keng Rice is possible, but the results might not be very ideal.
关键词
粳稻
光呼吸速率
净光合速率
遗传
japoniea rice
photorespiration rate
net photosynthctic rate
breeding for low photorespiration
