摘要
为明确豫北地区小黑麦优质高产且适宜青贮的刈割期,以“优能”和“雷神”2个小黑麦品种为试验材料,设置抽穗期、开花期、灌浆期和乳熟期4个刈割期,测定干物质产量、营养品质及青贮发酵质量等指标。结果表明,干物质产量从抽穗期至乳熟期呈逐渐升高的趋势,优能和雷神均在乳熟期达到峰值,分别为15.64和16.67 t/hm^(2);随着刈割期推迟,含水量、粗蛋白及粗灰分含量逐渐降低,中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量先升后降,其中抽穗期营养品质最佳;各刈割期青贮料的pH为4.05~4.50,乳酸含量为2.11%~4.00%,均未检测出丁酸。优能在开花期至灌浆期、雷神在抽穗期至灌浆期进行刈割,其青贮发酵质量较好。综上,优能和雷神分别适宜在开花期和抽穗期刈割,此时二者干物质产量较高,营养品质与青贮发酵质量俱佳。
In order to screen the suitable mowing period with high forage yield,good quality and good silage fermentation quality of triticale in Northern Henan.Triticale varietiesʻYounengʼandʻLeishenʼwere used as experimental materials,and four mowing periods were set up to determine the dry matter yield,nutritional quality and silage fermentation quality.The results showed that from the heading stage to the milk stage,the dry matter yield of triticale gradually increased,with Youneng and Leishen reaching the highest of 15.64 and 16.67 t/ha,respectively.The whole plant moisture content,crude protein and crude ash contents all decreased with the delay of mowing period,the neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents increased first and then decreased,and the principal component analysis of nutritional indicators indicated that the nutritional quality score peaked at the heading stage.The pH of silage was 4.05-4.50,the lactic acid content was 2.11%-4.00%,with no detection of butyric acid.Youneng and Leishen had better fermentation quality when mowed from flowering to filling stage,from heading to filling stage,respectively.In summary,Youneng and Leishen are suitable for mowing at the flowering and heading stages,respectively.At these stages,both varieties achieve high dry matter yields along with excellent nutritional and silage fermentation quality.
作者
桑瑞娟
董春阳
张红妹
何云
孙浩
刘伯帅
朱晓艳
马森
李德锋
Sang Ruijuan;Dong Chunyang;Zhang Hongmei;He Yun;Sun Hao;Liu Boshuai;Zhu Xiaoyan;Ma Sen;Li Defeng(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China;College of Animal Science,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 453003,Henan,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Forage Resources Innovation and Utilization,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China;Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China)
出处
《作物杂志》
北大核心
2026年第1期225-230,共6页
Crops
基金
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34)。
关键词
小黑麦
刈割期
产量
营养品质
发酵质量
Triticale
Mowing period
Yield
Nutritional quality
Fermentation quality
