摘要
为精准制定玉米―大豆(玉―豆)和小麦―大豆(麦―豆)轮作种植模式下大豆田杂草的防控措施,调查了2种轮作模式下大豆田杂草发生种类和数量。结果表明,在2年试验中,玉―豆轮作模式下的杂草发生量分别是麦―豆轮作模式的1.89倍和1.49倍。玉―豆轮作模式下共11种杂草在2年均有发生,包括2种禾本科杂草和9种阔叶杂草,优势种杂草为禾本科杂草稗草和阔叶杂草藜、苘麻,亚优势种杂草为禾本科杂草野黍和阔叶杂草反枝苋、龙葵。麦―豆轮作模式下2年有8种杂草共同发生,包括禾本科杂草2种和阔叶杂草6种,优势种杂草为禾本科杂草稗草和阔叶杂草藜、苘麻,亚优势种杂草为阔叶杂草龙葵。玉―豆轮作模式下杂草发生量有2个高峰期,分别是在5月末到6月中旬和6月末到7月上旬,第1个高峰期的发生量大于第2个高峰期;而麦―豆轮作模式下则只有1个杂草发生高峰期,主要集中在6月上中旬。
In order to precisely formulate weed control strategies for soybean field under maize-soybean and wheat-soybean rotation modes,the species and quantities of weeds were investigated in these two rotation modes.The results showed that during the two-year experiment,the weed occurrence in the maize-soybean rotation mode was 1.89 and 1.49 times higher than that in the wheat-soybean rotation mode,respectively.In the maize-soybean rotation mode,a total of 11 weed species were consistently observed over the two years,including two gramineous weeds and nine broadleaf weeds.The dominant weed species were the gramineous Echinochloa crusgalli and the broadleaf Chenopodium album and Abutilon theophrasti.The subdominant species were the gramineous Eriochloa villosa and the broadleaf Amaranthus retroflexus and Solanum nigrum.For the wheat-soybean rotation mode,eight weed species were commonly observed over the two years,including two gramineous weeds and six broadleaf weeds.The dominant species included the gramineous E.crusgalli and the broadleaf C.album and A.theophrasti,while the subdominant species was the broadleaf Solanum nigrum.The maize-soybean rotation mode exhibited two weed occurrence peaks:one from late May to mid-June,and another from late June to early July,with the weed occurrence during the first peak period being greater than that during the second.Conversely,the wheat-soybean rotation mode showed only one weed occurrence peak,primarily concentrated in early to mid-June.
作者
王宇
王金生
王晓曦
马力
王克勤
王春
刘兴龙
吴俊江
李沐恺
Wang Yu;Wang Jinsheng;Wang Xiaoxi;Ma Li;Wang Keqin;Wang Chun;Liu Xinglong;Wu Junjiang;Li Mukai(Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,Heilongjiang,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Harbin,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Harbin 150086,Heilongjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Soybean Cultivation,Harbin 150086,Heilongjiang,China;College of Agriculture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,Heilongjiang,China)
出处
《作物杂志》
北大核心
2026年第1期175-181,共7页
Crops
基金
黑龙江省农业科技创新跨越工程农业特色产业科技创新支撑项目(CX23TS26)
黑龙江省“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目“第四积温区秸秆还田大豆保护性耕作高产增效关键技术研究”(2021ZXJ05B02-02)。
关键词
大豆田
轮作
杂草种类
优势种杂草
杂草发生规律
Soybean field
Rotation
Weed species
Dominant weed species
Weed occurrence regularity
