摘要
本试验旨在通过研究饮水补充谷氨酰胺对急性冷应激雏鸡体温、粪便性状及血清生化指标的影响,探究谷氨酰胺对急性冷应激雏鸡生理机能的调节作用。选取1日龄海兰褐雏鸡40只,随机分为5组,分别为适温对照组(TN组)、急性冷应激处理组(ACS组),急性冷应激处理+饮水中添加4 g/L谷氨酰胺组(ACS+4Gln组)、急性冷应激处理+饮水中添加8 g/L谷氨酰胺组(ACS+8Gln组)、急性冷应激处理+饮水中添加12 g/L谷氨酰胺组(ACS+12Gln组),每组8只。各组雏鸡均采用笼养,自由采食基础饲粮,饲养条件为室温(RT)33~35℃,相对湿度(RH)65%~70%。在6~7日龄时,将ACS组、ACS+4Gln组、ACS+8Gln组、ACS+12Gln组雏鸡暴露于低温环境(RT:12℃,RH:65%)中12 h进行急性冷应激,在结束后测定各组雏鸡的体温,并采集粪便和血液样品用于粪便性状和血清生化指标的测定。结果表明:急性冷应激极显著降低了雏鸡体温(P<0.01),并使粪便色泽和水分含量以及大部分血清生化指标发生显著或极显著变化(P<0.05或P<0.01);饮水补充8~12 g/L谷氨酰胺则有效缓解了急性冷应激对雏鸡造成的不良影响,具体表现为雏鸡体温回升,粪便水分含量降低、色泽改善,血清生化指标也呈现整体向好趋势。其中,在血清蛋白质代谢相关指标方面,总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)的含量得到显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01);在血清肝脏、胰腺及肾脏功能相关指标上,包括总胆红素(TB)、总胆汁酸(TBA)、γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、淀粉酶(AMY)、脂肪酶(LPS)、肌酐(Crea)和尿酸(UA)在内的含量或活性异常升高的指标均被显著或极显著抑制(P<0.05或P<0.01);在血清糖和脂代谢相关指标方面,葡萄糖(GLU)、总胆固醇(TC)和甘油三酯(TG)的含量也出现显著或极显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01)。综上所述,饮水补充8~12 g/L谷氨酰胺可通过多途径缓解急性冷应激对雏鸡生理机能的负面影响。
This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of glutamine supplementation in drinking water on the physiological functions of chicks under acute cold stress by examining its impacts on body temperature,fecal traits,and serum biochemical indicators.Forty 1-day-old Hy-Line brown chicks were randomly divided into five groups:thermoneutral control group(TN group),acute cold stress treatment group(ACS group),acute cold stress+4 g/L glutamine in drinking water group(ACS+4Gln group),acute cold stress+8 g/L glutamine in drinking water group(ACS+8Gln group),and acute cold stress+12 g/L glutamine in drinking water group(ACS+12Gln group),with eight chicks per group.All chicks were reared in cages with ad libitum access to a basal diet under controlled environmental conditions(room temperature:33 to 35℃;relative humidity:65%to 70%).At 6 to 7 days of age,chicks in the ACS,ACS+4Gln,ACS+8Gln,and ACS+12Gln groups were exposed to a low-temperature environment(room temperature:12℃;relative humidity:65%)for 12 hours to induce acute cold stress.After the stress period,body temperature was measured,and fecal and blood samples were collected for the analysis of fecal traits and serum biochemical indicators.The results showed that acute cold stress extremely significantly decreased the body temperature of chicks(P<0.01),and induced significant or ex-tremely significant changes in fecal color,moisture content,and most serum biochemical indicators(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Supplementation with 8 to 12 g/L glutamine in drinking water effectively alleviated the adverse effects of acute cold stress,as evidenced by the recovery of body temperature,reduced fecal moisture content,improved fecal color,and an overall positive trend in serum bio-chemical indicators.Specifically,in terms of serum protein metabolism-related indicators,the contents of total protein(TP)and albumin(ALB)were significantly or extremely significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Regarding serum indicators related to hepatic,pancreatic,and renal functions,the abnormally elevated contents or activities of total bilirubin(TB),total bile acid(TBA),γ-glutamyl transferase(GGT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),amylase(AMY),lipase(LPS),creatinine(Crea),and uric acid(UA)were significantly or extremely significantly suppressed(P<0.05 or P<0.01).In terms of serum glucose and lipid me-tabolism-related indicators,the contents of glucose(GLU),total cholesterol(TC),and triglycerides(TG)also showed significant or extremely significant decreases(P<0.05 or P<0.01).In conclusion,supplementation with 8 to 12 g/L glutamine in drinking water can mitigate the negative effects of acute cold stress on chicks’physiological functions through multiple pathways.
作者
戴四发
袁思彤
罗中平
邱文欣
柯尝玲
谢嘉
吴郅贤
邵龙毅
李艳梅
DAI Sifa;YUAN Sitong;LUO Zhongping;QIU Wenxin;KE Changling;XIE Jia;WU Zhixian;SHAO Longyi;LI Yanmei(School of Pharmacy and Life Science,Jiujiang University,Jiujiang 332000,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 214000,China;Jiujiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiujiang 332000,China;Jiujiang Bozheng Biotechnology Industrial Research Institute,Jiujiang 332000,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期267-276,共10页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
江西省自然科学基金重点项目(20224ACB205010)
国家自然科学基金项目(32160799)。
关键词
雏鸡
谷氨酰胺
急性冷应激
粪便
血清
生理机能
chicks
glutamine
acute cold stress
feces
serum
physiological functions
