摘要
本文采用硫酸焙烧体系协同分解低品位铌精矿与萤石精矿,考察了协同分解浸出过程中工艺参数对元素浸出率的影响,借助XRD、SEM、EDS等技术,分析协同分解过程的物相重构机理与元素分布规律。结果表明:协同分解的最优工艺条件为萤石精矿与铌精矿质量比1∶1、酸矿质量比1.6∶1、焙烧温度140℃、焙烧5 h、水浸温度25℃、液固比7∶1、浸出时间2 h;在此条件下铌浸出率为93.18%,铁浸出率为72.95%,稀土浸出率为45.37%,水浸渣中SiO2含量仅为10.78%,F含量为3.01%。此低温硫酸焙烧协同分解工艺显著提高了铌的浸出率,抑制了高含量铁与稀土的浸出,减少了对后续铌提取的干扰。该工艺同时实现了萤石和硅酸盐矿物的深度分解,为复杂伴生铌矿资源化提供了高效解决方案。
This study employed a sulfuric acid roasting system for the synergistic decomposition of low-grade niobium concentrate and fluorite concentrate.The effects of process parameters on elemental leaching efficiencies were investigated.Phase reconstruction mechanisms and elemental distribution patterns were analyzed using XRD,SEM,and EDS.The results show that the optimal conditions for the synergistic decomposition are as follows:fluorite-to-niobium concentrate mass ratio of 1∶1,acid-to-ore mass ratio of 1.6∶1,roasting at 140℃ for 5 h,and water leaching at 25℃ with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 7∶1 for 2 h.Under these conditions,leaching rates reach 93.18% for niobium,72.95%for iron,and 45.37%for rare earth elements,while the contents in leaching residue are 10.78% for SiO2 and 3.01%for F.This low-temperature sulfuric acid roasting synergistic decomposition process significantly enhances the leaching rate of niobium,suppresses the leaching of high-content iron and rare earth elements,and reduces the interference in subsequent niobium extraction.Additionally,the process achieves the deep decomposition of fluorite and silicate minerals,providing an efficient solution for the resource utilization of complex associated niobium ores.
作者
霍俊桃
崔建国
李娜
刘宝友
HUO Juntao;CUI Jianguo;LI Na;LIU Baoyou(State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization,Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths,Baotou 014030,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,China)
出处
《中国有色金属学报》
北大核心
2026年第1期297-314,共18页
The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC2905304)
内蒙古自治区自然科学重点联合基金资助项目(2025ZDLH011)。
关键词
低品位铌精矿
萤石精矿
协同分解
铌
铁
稀土
low grade niobium concentrate
fluorite concentrate
synergistic decomposition
niobium
iron
rare earth
