摘要
本试验旨在探究日粮添加不同剂量南瓜粉对育肥牛瘤胃发酵参数、生长性能及血液指标的影响。在体外模拟试验中,选择6只月龄、体重相近的育肥牛作为瘤胃液供体,对照组采用基础日粮为底物,试验组在基础日粮底物中添加4%、8%、12%的南瓜粉,在体外模拟瘤胃发酵培养48 h后,测定产气量和瘤胃发酵参数。在动物试验中,选取13月龄、健康状况良好、体型一致的育肥期公牛24头为研究对象,随机分为4组,每组6个重复。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1组、试验2组、试验3组分别在基础日粮中添加30、60、90 g/头南瓜粉,试验持续35 d。体外模拟试验结果表明:与对照组相比,体外发酵48 h试验组累计产气量有提高的趋势但无显著差异(P>0.05);试验1、2、3组干物质降解率较对照组分别提高4.41%、6.76%、7.93%(P>0.05)。试验1、2、3组氨态氮(NH_(3)-N)含量较对照组分别提高10.55%、18.92%、16.29%(P<0.01)。动物试验结果表明:试验2组和试验3组育肥终末体重较对照组分别提高3.03%和0.89%(P>0.05)。试验1、2、3组NH_(3)-N含量分别较对照组提高10.55%、18.92%、16.29%(P<0.01)。试验3组丁酸、乙酸比丙酸较对照组分别极显著提高28.03%、7.63%(P<0.01)。饲喂南瓜粉显著增加了育肥牛血常规中血清抗氧化指标尿素氮(BUN)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)分布宽度变异系数(P<0.05)。试验第14天,试验3组血清中BUN含量较对照组提高18.29%(P<0.01)。试验2组和试验3组血清中CRP含量较对照组分别提高54.42%和46.94%(P<0.05)。试验第28天,试验1、2、3组血清中BUN含量较对照组分别提高了38.91%、21.82%、34.55%(P<0.01)。综上所述,日粮添加南瓜粉能够提高育肥牛体外瘤胃发酵特性以及其生长发育、生产性能和血清指标,建议日粮中南瓜粉的适宜添加量为60 g/头。
This research aimed to investigate the effects of different doses of pumpkin powder in ration on in vitro rumen fermentation,growth performance and blood indicators in fattening cattles.In the in vitro fermentation experiment,six healthy fattening cattles of similar weight and age as rumen fluid donors.The control group used total mixed ration as the basal diet,while the experimental group added 4%,8% and 12% pumpkin powder to the basal diet,respectively.Following a 48-hour in vitro cultivation,gas production volume and rumen fermentation indices were determined.In the feeding experiments,twenty-four healthy fattening cattle aged 13 months with similar body weights were selected and randomly assigned to four groups,with six replicates set in each group.The control group was provided with a basal diet,whereas the experimental groups were fed the basal diet incorporated with 30,60 g/head,and 90 g/head of pumpkin powder,respective.The experimental period was 35 days.The results of the in vitro simulation experiment showed that compared with the control group,the cumulative gas production of the experimental groups after 48 hours of in vitro fermentation tended to increase,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05);the dry matter degradation rate of experimental groups 1,2 and 3 was 4.41%,6.76% and 7.93% higher than that of the control group,respectively(P>0.05).The NH_(3)-N content of experimental groups 1,2 and 3 was 10.55%,18.92% and 16.29% higher than that of the control group,respectively(P<0.01).The results of the animal experiment showed that the final body weight of fattening cattle in experimental groups 2 and 3 was 3.03% and 0.89% higher than that of the control group,respectively(P>0.05).The NH_(3)-N content of experimental groups 1,2 and 3 was 10.55%,18.92% and 16.29% higher than that of the control group,respectively(P<0.01).The butyric acid and acetic acid to propionic acid ratio in experimental group 3 was significantly higher than that in the control group by 28.03% and 7.63%,respectively(P<0.01).Feeding pumpkin powder significantly increased the serum antioxidant indicators of blood routine,such as blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and C-reactive protein coefficient of variation(P<0.05).On the 14th day of the experiment,the BUN content in the serum of experimental group 3 was 18.29% higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).On the 28th day of the experiment,the BUN content in the serum of experimental groups 1,2 and 3 was 38.91%,21.82% and 34.55% higher than that of the control group,respectively(P<0.01).In conclusion,the supplementation of pumpkin powder could improve the in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics,growth performance,and serum indicators of fattening cattles.It was recommended that the levels of pumpkin powder was 60 g/herd.
作者
田娇娇
王思伟
崔雯雯
姜慧军
李全宏
王雅晶
田雨佳
王昆
TIAN Jiaojiao;WANG Siwei;CUI Wenwen;JIANG Huijun;LI Quanhong;WANG Yajing;TIAN Yujia;WANG Kun(Tianjin key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production,Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang,Hebei Province 050035,China;State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Inner Monglia Sheng Mu High-tech Farming Ltd,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010100,China;College of Food Science and Nutrition Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)
出处
《中国饲料》
北大核心
2026年第3期194-201,共8页
China Feed
基金
河北省农林科学院科技创新专项课题(2022KJCXZX-LYS-19)
河北省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(HBCT2024240202)
天津市奶牛(肉羊)产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(ITTCRS2021000)。
关键词
南瓜粉
体外瘤胃发酵
血清指标
生长性能
育肥牛
pumpkin flour
in vitro rumen fermentation
serum index
growth performance
fattening cattles
