摘要
松材线虫病是一种重要的外来林业有害生物,本文结合安徽省桐城市双港镇松材线虫病发生实际,总结了研究区在该病害综合防控中采取的措施、成效及关键经验。研究区2020年和2021年松材线虫病均发生较重(发病面积72.27、70.73 hm^(2))。基于上述发病实际,研究区及时采取了一系列措施,包括构建常态化巡护监测体系、开展秋季专项普查、实施林长巡林、定期核查,并利用无人机分别在4—5月、11—12月两个时间段内完成不少于2次的全面核查;采取应急措施并立即清理异常死亡松树,实时记录防治期间采伐数、病木及大枝桠等处理情况;通过无人机飞防(喷施48%噻虫啉悬浮剂20 000倍稀释液)防治松材线虫病媒介昆虫松褐天牛,并与诱捕器监测法对比检验飞防成效等,研究区达到了病害综合防治目标。进一步分析了加强与周边区域联防联控、加大卫星遥感技术监测,加强对调运木材的检疫和山场的定期监测,补栽枫香或油茶等其他树种营造混交林以调整林分结构等未来病害防控工作关键经验。本文为其他区域松材线虫病的防控提供参考。
Pine wilt disease(PWD)is a major invasive forest pest.Based on the actual occurrence of PWD in Shuanggang Town,Tongcheng City,Anhui Province,this paper summarizes the measures,implementation effects and key findings adopted in the integrated prevention and control of this disease in the study area.The PWD occurrence in the study area was severe in both 2020 and 2021,with the affected area reaching 72.27 hm^(2)and 70.73 hm^(2)respectively.In response to the serious epidemic situation,the study area promptly implemented a series of technical measures,including establishing a routine patrol and monitoring system,conducting special autumn surveys,carrying out the forest chief patrol system,performing regular field inspections,and conducting no fewer than 2 comprehensive inspections-coverage UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle)surveys during each of the two time periods(April-May and November-December).Additionally,emergency measures were taken to immediately clear abnormally dead pine trees,and real-time records were kept regarding the number of felled trees,the disposal of infected wood and large branches during the control period.UAV aerial spraying was applied to control the vector insect of PWD(Monochamus alternatus)using a 20000-fold dilution of 48%thiacloprid suspension concentrate(SC),and the efficacy of aerial spraying was verified by comparison with the trap monitoring method.The integrated prevention and control objectives for the disease in the study area were achieved.Furthermore,this paper analyzes the key findings for future PWD prevention and control work,such as strengthening joint prevention and control with adjacent regions,expanding the application of satellite remote sensing technology for monitoring,enhancing the quarantine of transported timber and the frequency of regular field monitoring,and planting native tree species(e.g.,Liquidambar formosana or Camellia oleifera)to establish mixed forests for stand structure optimization.This study provides a reference for PWD control in other regions.
作者
张惠云
Zhang Huiyun(Tongcheng Forestry Bureau,Tongcheng 231400,China)
出处
《安徽农学通报》
2026年第2期58-61,共4页
Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin
关键词
松材线虫病
综合防控
技术要点
双港镇
pine wilt disease
integrated prevention and control
key technical points
Shuanggang Town
