摘要
粮食安全是我国治国理政的头等大事。当前虽已实现谷物基本自给、口粮绝对安全,但粮食供需紧平衡,种粮农民收益低、生产积极性不足的问题依然存在。适度规模经营通过降低生产成本、提升收益空间、稳定生产预期来提升种粮农民积极性和收益。适度规模经营在土地流转、要素供给、社会化服务、政策执行、风险防范等方面还存在现实挑战。要通过规范土地流转机制,破解期限短板与成本攀升问题;强化要素保障能力,解决融资与人才难题;完善农业社会化服务体系,提升规模经营实力;提升政策执行效能,加强监督评估并完善保险配套;构建价格风险对冲机制,缓解粮价下行压力与气候风险,以夯实国家粮食安全、保障种粮农民收益。
Food security is a top priority in China's governance.Currently,while basic self-sufficiency in cereals and absolute security in staple grains have been achieved,there remains a tight balance between food supply and demand,along with persistent issues such as low income for grain farmers and insufficient enthusiasm for grain production.Moderate-scale operation boosts grain farmers'enthusiasm and increases their income by reducing production costs,expanding profit margins,and stabilizing production expectations.However,moderate-scale operation still faces practical challenges in aspects including land transfer,factor supply,socialized services,policy implementation,and risk prevention.To consolidate national food security and safeguard grain farmers'income,it is necessary to:standardize the land transfer mechanism to address the shortcomings of short-term leases and rising costs;strengthen factor guarantee capabilities to resolve difficulties in financing and talent acquisition;improve the agricultural socialized service system to enhance the capacity for large-scale operation;raise the efficiency of policy implementation by strengthening supervision and evaluation and improving insurance support;and establish a price risk hedging mechanism to alleviate downward pressure on grain prices and mitigate climate risks.
作者
陈洁
Chen Jie(Research Center for Rural Economy,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100810)
出处
《重庆社会科学》
北大核心
2025年第12期20-32,共13页
Chongqing Social Sciences
基金
国家社会科学基金重大专项“巩固和完善农村基本经营制度的理论和实践研究”(24ZDA052)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-45)。
关键词
粮食安全
适度规模经营
种粮收益
Food Security
Moderate-scale Operation
Income from Grain Production
