摘要
在筑牢长江黄河上游生态屏障、促进民族地区的高质量发展的时代需求下,如何平衡环境保护、生态安全与可持续发展之间的关系,已成为亟待深入探讨的重要议题。通过整合区域生态环境、历史文化与研究对象实践的研究路径,为研究九寨沟的生态环境、灾害响应和生态文化提供了重要的分析视角。九寨沟周期性的灾害扰动,不断推动当地社区在栖居空间与生计方式上进行调适,这些调适持续影响着村寨的景观格局与发展进程。灾害在重塑当地自然与人文景观的同时,也深度嵌入地方旅游资源体系,成为生态安全与可持续发展中不可回避的核心变量。历史上,居住在九寨沟及周边区域的汉、藏、羌等多民族民众,在与自然环境长期互动中,形成了丰富的生态文化共享机制与建设“栖居家园”的集体智慧。九寨沟各民族在历史交往中形成的生态文化共建共享机制,推动了传统生态智慧与现代防灾减灾技术的有机耦合与优势互补。这些资源禀赋是构建具有文化韧性、可持续发展的关键因素,有助于协调生态保护与发展的矛盾。将上述关键因素与地方民众的主体能动性有机结合,是一条兼顾旅游村寨生态安全保障与可持续发展的本土化路径。
Amid the pursuit of high-quality development in ethnic regions,the question of how to strike a balance between environmental conservation,ecological security,and sustainable development has emerged as a topic warranting further in-depth exploration.Academia generally acknowledges that disasters are an ongoing process,not only posing potential threats to human living spaces but also prompting different groups to engage in ecological and cultural exchanges and mutual learning in the course of survival and development.In jointly responding to the recurring destruction caused by natural disasters,they continue to enrich their own socio-cultural systems,thereby providing robust safeguards for the security and sustainable development of habitats.Jiuzhaigou is located in the transitional zone spanning the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the Sichuan Basin,characterized by complex geological conditions and frequent natural disasters.The special geographical location makes it an ecologically sensitive area where the Yellow and Yangtze River basins converge;historically,it has also served as an important region traversed by multiple ethnic interaction routes,such as the Longxi Corridor,the Songmao Ancient Road,and the Tibetan-Qiang-Yi Corridor.Over a long period of time,a dialectical and symbiotic relationship has been formed between disasters and the region of Jiuzhaigou.On the one hand,disasters have shaped the unique and diverse natural and cultural landscapes of Jiuzhaigou;on the other hand,frequent disaster disturbances continuously have constantly tested the resilience of local people who rely on indigenous wisdom to be able to recover and rebuild.The magnitude-7.0 earthquake that struck on August 8,2017,highlighted the challenges Jiuzhaigou faces in terms of ecological security and sustainable development.By summarizing the historical experiences of Jiuzhaigou's multi-ethnic groups in jointly building and sharing ecological culture and constructing their homeland,and taking into account ecological carrying capacity,community resilience,and cultural continuity in post-disaster reconstruction and sustainable development,this study aims to explore a resilient development approach that truly materializes the vision of“lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”.Its ultimate goal is to enhance Jiuzhaigou's overall adaptability and sustainable development potential in case of future disasters.Periodic disasters in Jiuzhaigou continuously prompt local communities to adjust their living spaces and livelihoods strategies,and these adjustments undoubtedly will exert an ongoing impact on the landscapes and development of villages.While reshaping the local natural and cultural landscapes,disasters have also become deeply embedded in the local tourism resource system,becoming an unavoidable core variable in discussions surrounding ecological security and sustainable development.Historically,the Han,Tibetan,Qiang,and other ethnic groups residing in the Jiuzhaigou region have formed ecological and cultural sharing mechanisms as well as collective wisdom for“building their homeland”through long-term interactions with natural environment.The ecological and cultural co-construction and sharing mechanisms forged through historical interactions among various ethnic peoples in Jiuzhaigou have promoted an organic coupling and complementary use of traditional ecological wisdom and modern disaster prevention and mitigation technologies.These resource variables will be key factors in constructing a culturally resilient system geared toward sustainable development and ecological protection.Integrating these key factors with the proactive agency of local residents will be a localized path balancing ecological security safeguards and sustainable development in tourism-oriented villages.
作者
郭建勋
桑扎
Guo Jianxun;Sang Zha(School of Sociology and Ethnology,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,610041,Sichuan,China;School of Chinese Language and Literature,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu,610041,Sichuan,China)
出处
《民族学刊》
北大核心
2025年第12期121-130,164,共11页
Journal of Ethnology
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究项目“灾后重建背景下世界自然遗产地九寨沟的社区韧性营造研究”(20YJC850012)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“中国式现代化‘五大特征’与中华民族共同体建设实现路径研究”(2025SZL11)阶段性成果。
关键词
九寨沟
旅游村寨
生态栖居
可持续发展
Jiuzhaigou
tourism villages
ecological habitat
sustainable development
