摘要
为探明温室栽培雪茄烟叶的外观质量特征及其成因,分析了温室栽培和露地栽培雪茄烟叶的叶片性状和田间微气候特征。结果显示,温室栽培可显著提升雪茄烟叶的外观质量,叶片结构、长宽、支脉粗细和支脉平伏度得分显著或极显著高于露地栽培;移栽后70 d,叶长增加15%,叶宽增加13%,叶面积增大30%;发酵后的中部叶第9支脉粗度降低20.58%,支脉平伏度提高4.98百分点;叶片栅栏组织、海绵组织的厚度和密度更低,细胞间隙更大。基于相关性分析和逐步回归方程的成因分析表明,温室栽培较露地栽培平均温度提高1.28℃,平均相对湿度提高0.60百分点,有利于雪茄烟叶叶长、叶宽和叶面积的增大;同时,光合有效辐射总和降低41.61%,这一变化与上述平均湿度的提高共同作用,使得叶片组织厚度降低,雪茄烟叶变薄,并降低叶基部的支脉粗度,提高支脉平伏度,烟叶结构也更加疏松。因此,本研究认为我国可采用温室栽培的方式提高雪茄烟叶的外观质量,产出更多优质茄衣烟叶。
In order to explore the characteristics and underlying causes of the appearance quality of cigar tobacco leaves cultivated ingreenhouse,the leaf traits and field microclimate characteristics of cigar tobacco leaves cultivated in greenhouse and open field wereanalyzed.The results showed that greenhouse cultivation could significantly improve the appearance quality of cigar tobacco leaves,which was reflected in the fact that the scores of leaf structure,length and width,branch vein thickness and branch vein flatness weresignificantly or extremely significantly higher than those in open field cultivation.At 70 days after transplanting,leaf length increasedby 15%,leaf width by 13%,and leaf area by 30%.After fermentation,the thickness of the 9th branch vein in middle leaves decreasedby 20.58%,while branch vein flatness improved by 4.98 percentage points.The palisade and sponge tissues exhibited lower densityand thickness with larger intercellular spaces.Correlation analysis and stepwise regression identified the causes:compared to openfield cultivation,the greenhouse environment provided a higher average temperature(+1.28℃)and relative humidity(+0.60percentage points),which promoted increases in cigar tobacco leaf length,width,and area.Meanwhile,the total photosyntheticallyactive radiation decreased by 41.61%.This reduction in radiation,combined with the aforementioned increase in average humidity,led to a reduction in leaf tissue thickness,making cigar tobacco leaves thinner,reducing the thickness of primary veins at the leafbase,improving vein flatness,and resulting in a looser leaf structure.Therefore,this study suggests that greenhouse cultivation can beadopted in China to improve the appearance quality of cigar tobacco leaves,thereby producing more high-quality cigar wrappertobacco leaves.
作者
杨隆飞
时向东
丁松爽
王会青
陈亮
曹缠华
陈坤正
梁銮飞
张悦远
王瑞春
吴桂荣
尤金兴
余庆
杨占伟
YANG Longfei;SHI Xiangdong;DING Songshuang;WANG Huiqing;CHEN Liang;CAO Chanhua;CHEN Kunzheng;LIANG Luanfei;ZHANG Yueyuan;WANG Ruichun;WU Guirong;YOU Jinxing;YU Qing;YANG Zhanwei(Nanping Tobacco Company of Fujian Province of CNTC,Nanping 353000,Fujian,China;Tobacco College of Henan Agricultural University/National Tobacco Cultivation Physiological and Biochemical Research Base/Key Laboratory of Cultivation in Tobacco Industry,Zhengzhou 450046,China)
出处
《中国烟草科学》
北大核心
2025年第6期88-97,共10页
Chinese Tobacco Science
基金
福建省烟草公司南平市公司科技计划项目{南烟叶[2023]10号}。
关键词
温室栽培
雪茄烟叶
微气候
叶片性状
外观质量
greenhousecultivation
cigartobaccoleaves
microclimate
leaftraits
appearancequality
