摘要
为了研究冀北坝上地区典型奶牛舍春季环境质量状况,为该地区奶牛生产提供技术支撑,本研究检测了冀北坝上地区3栋典型泌乳牛舍春季不同时间段的环境质量状况。舍1为脊高7.5m有天窗的半钟楼式牛舍,舍2为脊高5.4m无天窗的双坡式牛舍,舍3为脊高6.2m有天窗的半钟楼式牛舍。结果表明,春季各舍内外温度的日变化均表现为中午高、早晚低的规律;舍内日平均温度为舍1<舍3<舍2(P<0.05)。各舍内外相对湿度的日变化均表现为中午低、早晚高的规律;每日同一时间舍内相对湿度和日平均湿度均为舍1<舍3<舍2(P<0.05)。各舍日平均THI为舍1<舍3<舍2(P<0.05)。各舍墙壁、地面、屋顶温度相互之间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。各舍外环境质量状况相当,舍内环境质量状况存在一定差异,其中风速为舍2<舍3<舍1(P<0.05);PM2.5、PM10、NH_(3)、CO_(2)、细菌含量为舍1<舍3<舍2(P<0.05);自然光照强度舍2最高(P<0.05),舍1和舍3之间差异不显著(P>0.05);噪音强度各舍差异不显著(P>0.05)。冀北坝上地区各典型泌乳牛舍因结构区别导致在春季舍内温度、湿度及相关环境参数指标上存在一定的差异,但各舍环境参数指标均符合生产标准,建筑结构差异对春季奶牛健康影响甚微,春季整体上是最适宜冀北坝上地区奶牛生产的季节。
The purpose of this study was to study the spring environmental quality status of typical dairy cowhouses in Bashang area in northern Hebei and provide technical support for dairy cow production in the region.This study examined the environmental quality status of three typical lactation cowhouses in Bashang area,Hebei province.The results showed that the daily changes in temperature inside and outside the house in spring were manifested as the rules of high at noon and low at night;the average daily temperature in the house was cowhouse 1<cowhouse 3<cowhouse 2(P<0.05).The daily changes in the relative humidity inside and outside the house were manifested as the rules of low at noon and high in the morning and evening;the relative humidity and average daily humidity in the house were both cowhouse 1<cowhouse 3<cowhouse 2(P<0.05).The average daily THI of each house was cowhouse 1<cowhouse 3<cowhouse 2(P<0.05).The temperatures of the walls,floors and roofs of each house were not significantly different(P>0.05).The environmental quality conditions outside each house were comparable,and there were certain differences in the environmental quality conditions inside the house,among which the wind speed was cowhouse cowhouse 2<cowhouse 3<cowhouse 1(P<0.05).The contents of PM2.5,PM10,NH_(3),CO_(2),and bacteria were cowhouse 1<cowhouse 3<cowhouse 2(P<0.05).The natural light intensity of cowhouse 2 was the highest(P<0.05),and the difference between cowhouse 1 and cowhouse 3 was not significant(P>0.05).The noise intensity was not significant(P>0.05).Due to structural differences in the temperature,humidity and related environmental parameter indicators of each typical lactation cowhouse in the Bashang area of Hebei province,there were certain differences in the temperature,humidity and related environmental parameter indicators of each house.However,the environmental parameter indicators of each house meet the production standards,and the differences in building structure had little impact on the health of dairy cows in spring.Spring is the most suitable season for dairy cow production in Bashang area of Hebei Province.
作者
周英昊
许翊冉
毛森
谭美姝
宋连杰
张洪伟
ZHOU Ying-hao;XU Yi-ran;MAO Sen;TAN Mei-shu;SONG Lian-jie;ZHANG Hong-wei(Chengde Academy Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Chengde 067000)
出处
《中国奶牛》
2025年第12期10-14,共5页
China Dairy Cattle
基金
河北省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(HBCT2023180205)。
关键词
冀北
坝上地区
泌乳牛舍
春季
环境状况
North Hebei
Bashang area
Lactation cowhouse
Spring
Environmental conditions
