摘要
以欧亚种酿酒葡萄‘梅尔诺’为试验材料,在葡萄生长发育的4个时期(E-L 18、E-L 27、E-L 31和E-L 35),对花序或果穗分别喷施0.2 mg·L^(-1)EBR(24-Epibrassinolide,EBR)(EBR1)、0.4 mg·L^(-1)EBR(EBR2)和0.6 mg·L^(-1)EBR(EBR3),研究外源EBR对葡萄基本理化指标及酚类物质的影响。除在E-L 18时期3个浓度EBR对果穗宽度无显著影响外,其余时期EBR处理均可拉长果穗的长度和宽度,其中在E-L 18时期EBR2处理对果穗长度增加幅度较大,比对照提高13.57%;在E-L 31时期EBR2处理使果穗宽度提高10.32%,且此时期EBR2处理使果粒横、纵径增加较明显,较CK分别提高5.65%和6.39%;果实百粒质量随EBR处理浓度的提高整体呈先增加后下降的趋势,但均高于CK,且在E-L 31时期EBR2处理果实百粒质量增幅较大,比对照增加12.40%。在果实品质方面,除E-L 18时期EBR处理使果实总酚、类黄酮以及单宁含量有所降低外,其余时期EBR处理总体均可提高果实还原糖、可溶性固形物以及花色苷等酚类物质含量,其中在E-L 18时期EBR2处理使可溶性固形物含量显著高于CK,增加幅度为7.23%;在E-L 31时期EBR3处理使果实总酚和还原糖含量较CK分别增加25.10%和8.77%,EBR2处理使黄烷醇和类黄酮含量增加36.42%和46.76%;在E-L 27时期EBR2使单宁含量增幅明显,达32.71%;在E-L 35时期EBR3处理使果皮花色苷含量增幅明显,达42.33%。不同时期EBR处理对‘梅尔诺’葡萄果实生长发育的影响有一定差异,在E-L 18(花前2 d)和E-L 31(花后13 d)时期EBR处理可增加‘梅尔诺’葡萄果穗长度和宽度,使果粒结合较为松散,从而改善果穗紧凑的问题;在E-L 31时期EBR处理可提高果实可溶性固形物、还原糖以及酚类物质的含量;E-L 35(花后70 d)时期EBR处理改善果实着色和提高果皮花色苷含量的作用较明显。总体来说,0.4 mg·L^(-1)EBR处理改善或提高‘梅尔诺’葡萄果实生长发育和果实品质的效果较好。
‘Merlot’,a Eurasian wine grape cultivar,was used as the experimental material.During four stages of grape growth and development(E-L 18,E-L 27,E-L 31 and E-L 35),24-epibrassinolide(EBR)was applied at concentrations of 0.2 mg·L^(-1)(EBR1),0.4 mg·L^(-1)(EBR2),and 0.6 mg·L^(-1)(EBR3)by spraying the inflorescence or cluster,respectively.Except for the three concentrations of EBR at E-L 18 stage,EBR treatment significantly increased spike length and width at other stages.Among the treatment,EBR2 resulted in the greatest increase in spike length during the E-L 18 stage,which was 13.57% higher than that of the control.In the E-L 31 stage,EBR2 increased spike width by 10.32%,and the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the berries increased by 5.65% and 6.39%,respectively,compared with the control.With the increasing EBR concentration,the 100-berry mass of fruit increased first and then decreased,but all treatment groups showed higher masses than the control.EBR2 treatment in the E-L 31 stage resulted in the highest 100-berry mass,which was 12.40% greater than the control.In terms of fruit quality,except for the reduction in total phenols,flavonoids and tannins at the E-L 18 stage,EBR treatments at other stages increased the contents of reducing sugars,soluble solids,anthocyanins,and other phenolic compounds.At E-L 18,EBR2 significantly increased soluble solids by 7.23% over the control.At E-L 31,EBR3 increased total phenols and reducing sugars by 25.10% and 8.77%,respectively,while EBR2 increased flavanol and flavonoid contents by 36.42% and 46.76%.During the E-L 27 stage,EBR2 significantly increased tannin content by 32.71%,and at the E-L 35 stage,EBR3 significantly enhanced pericarp anthocyanin content by 42.33%.The effects of EBR varied by developmental stage.In the E-L 18(2 days before flowering)and E-L 31(13 days after flowering)stages,EBR application increased spike length and width,resulting in looser berry clusters and alleviating the problem of compact spikes.EBR treatment at E-L 31 also enhanced soluble solids,reducing sugars,and phenol contents.At E-L 35(70 days after anthesis),EBR had a better effect on fruit coloration and peel anthocyanin accumulation.Overall,the 0.4 mg·L^(-1) concentration(EBR2)has the most favorable effects on fruit growth and quality in‘Merlot’grapes.
作者
谢开照
吕桑
张华
臧玉双
赖蕾
惠竹梅
XIE Kaizhao;LU Sang;ZHANG Hua;ZANG Yushuang;LAI Lei;XI Zhumei(College of Enology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430075,China;Shaanxi Grape and Wine Engineering Center,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处
《西北农业学报》
北大核心
2025年第12期2222-2230,共9页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
陕西省重点研发项目(2023-ZDLNY-21)
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-29-zp-6)。
