摘要
为探究双孢菇菌渣还田对塔城干旱区苹果产业的提质增效作用,以塔城地区主栽苹果品种岳阳红为研究对象,设置0(CK)、2.5、5.0、7.5、10.0 kg/m^(2)共5个菌渣添加量梯度,分析其对土壤理化性质、果实产量及品质的影响。结果表明:添加双孢菇菌渣显著改善土壤理化特性,其中5.0 kg/m^(2)处理使土壤有机质含量提升28.3%,持水率增加178.9%;添加双孢菇菌渣对苹果产量与品质的影响呈现剂量效应,7.5 kg/m^(2)处理的单果质量达218.6 g,较对照增产23.1%,同时可溶性固形物含量提高19.2%,糖酸比优化37.5%;过量施用双孢菇菌渣(>7.5 kg/m^(2))则导致土壤EC值上升,并抑制果实着色。可见,5.0~7.5 kg/m^(2)为塔城地区苹果园双孢菇菌渣较优施用量,可兼顾生态效益与果实品质提升,为塔城地区农业废弃物资源化利用提供技术支撑。
In order to explore the effect of returning Agaricus bisporus residue to the field on improving the quality and efficiency of the apple industry in the arid area of Tacheng,taking the main apple variety Yueyang Red in the Tacheng region as the research object,five residue addition gradients of 0(CK),2.5,5.0,7.5,and 10.0 kg/m^(2)were set up to analyze their effects on soil physical and chemical properties,fruit yield and quality.The results showed that the addition of Agaricus bisporus residue significantly improved the physical and chemical properties of the soil.Among them,the treatment of 5.0 kg/m^(2)increased the soil organic matter content by 28.3%and the water retention rate by 178.9%;The effect of adding Agaricus bisporus residue on apple yield and quality showed a dose-effect.The single fruit weight of the 7.5 kg/m^(2)treatment reached 218.6 g,which increased by 23.1%compared with the control.At the same time,the content of soluble solids increased by 19.2%,and the sugar-acid ratio was optimized by 37.5%;Excessive application of the residue of Agaricus bisporus(>7.5 kg/m^(2))leads to an increase in soil EC value and inhibits fruit coloring.It can be seen that 5.0 to 7.5 kg/m^(2)is the optimal application rate of Agaricus bisporus residue in apple orchards in Tacheng region,which can balance ecological benefits and fruit quality improvement,providing technical support for the resource utilization of agricultural waste in Tacheng region.
作者
陈涛
刘国宇
秦英强
尼萨古力·阿布拉
尚艳明
CHEN Tao;LIU Guoyu;QIN Yingqiang;Nisaguli·Abula;SHANG Yanming(Tacheng Branch,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tacheng Xinjiang 834700,China;Liaoning Institute of Pomology,Yingkou Liaoning 115009,China;Institute of Edible Fungus,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenyang 110161,China;Xinjiang Tacheng Agricultural Sciences Research Institute,Tacheng Xinjiang 834700,China)
出处
《农业科技与装备》
2025年第6期24-26,共3页
Agricultural Science & Technology and Equipment
基金
食用菌工厂化优新品种引育栽培及资源化循环利用技术示范与推广(科企横向联合项目)
塔城地区优良果蔬新品种及标准化栽培技术示范推广项目(LNQT2022051101)
塔城地区科技计划项目塔城地区露地苹果绿色有机栽培示范推广(2024BB1006)。
关键词
双孢菇菌渣
塔城地区
岳阳红苹果
产量
品质
Agaricus bisporus residue
Tacheng area
Yueyang Red Apple
yield
quality
