摘要
[目的]光肩星天牛柄腹茧蜂是新开发的一种寄生光肩星天牛低龄幼虫的天敌产品。本文旨在筛选出适用于贮藏光肩星天牛柄腹茧蜂的条件,以延长其货架期和便于大面积释放应用。[方法]记录2日龄雌蜂在不同温度和补充营养条件下的寿命,并测定雌蜂经贮藏后寄生和生殖能力的变化。测定5日龄茧在不同温度和时长贮藏后的羽化率和性比,并测定羽化雌蜂的寄生能力和生殖能力变化。[结果]0℃条件下光肩星天牛柄腹茧蜂雌蜂寿命短、羽化率低,不宜作为贮藏的条件。雌蜂贮藏于5~20℃且提供蜂蜜水补充营养时,可显著延长其寿命。在15℃且以蜂蜜水补充营养时,雌蜂平均寿命可达82 d。在此条件下,雌蜂贮藏至第40 d时的存活率超过90%,且寄生和生殖能力较新羽化的雌蜂未下降;至第50 d时虽仍有近85%的存活率,但此时雌蜂的寄生和生殖能力已显著降低。茧在5℃或10℃条件下贮藏30 d后的羽化率约85%,羽化的成蜂中雄性占比约16%,与未经贮藏的对照组无显著差异;若茧贮藏时间达到45 d时其羽化率已不足60%。经贮藏后的茧羽化后,雌蜂的寄生能力无显著差异,但若贮藏时间达到60 d或以上,其子代数量会显著减少。[结论]低温贮藏光肩星天牛柄腹茧蜂的雌性成虫或茧均能达到延长其货架期的目的。15℃同时提供蜂蜜水补充营养是适合于雌蜂保存的条件,贮藏期不宜超过40 d。5℃或10℃是适合于茧保存的条件,贮藏期不宜超过30 d。
[Objective]Spathius anoplophorae is a newly found parasitoid targeting early-instar larva of Anoplophora glabripennis.This study aimed to identify the favorable storage conditions for S.anoplophorae to extend its shelf-life and facilitate large-scale releases.[Method]Firstly,we recorded the longevity of 2-day-old female adults under different temperatures,with and without supplemental nutrition.We then assessed their parasitic and reproductive capacities after storage.In addition,we investigated the emergence rate and sex ratio of 5-day-old cocoons stored at different temperatures and durations,followed by evaluations of the fitness of the emerged females.[Result]At 0℃,adult S.anoplophorae had a short lifespan,and cocoon emergence rates were low,indicating that this temperature is unsuitable for storage.Female wasps maintained at 5~20℃with access to honey solution showed significantly prolonged survival.When stored at 15℃with honey solution supplementation,the females had an average lifespan of 82 days,retaining a survival rate of over 90%up to 40 days with no reductions in parasitism or reproduction.Although approximately 85%of the females were still alive at 50 days,their fitness had markedly declined.Cocoons stored at 5℃or 10℃for 30 days maintained emergence rates above 85%and a consistent sex ratio(~16%male),with no significant differences from the unstored control.However,storage beyond 45 days led to a reduction in emergence rates to below 60%.While storage had no effect on the parasitic ability of emerged females,reproductive output declined significantly when storage exceeded 60 days.[Conclusion]Cold storage of either female adults or cocoons can effectively extend the shelf-life of S.anoplophorae.For female adults,storage at 15℃with honey solution is recommended,with a maximum duration of 40 days.For cocoons,storage at 5℃or 10℃is effective for up to 30 days.
作者
金则宏
魏可
任哲
胡霞
王小艺
JIN Ze-hong;WEI Ke;REN Zhe;HU Xia;WANG Xiao-yi(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China)
出处
《林业科学研究》
北大核心
2025年第6期150-159,共10页
Forest Research
基金
中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2024ZA009)
国家自然科学基金项目(31901319)。
关键词
低温贮藏
适合度
生物防治
光肩星天牛
cold storage
fitness
biological control
Asian longhorned beetle
