摘要
由于棘胸蛙(Quasipaa spinosa)特殊的生物学特性,仅以黄粉虫、蝇蛆和蚯蚓等活饵为食,严重限制了棘胸蛙养殖产业的规模化发展。项目组团队通过驯养一批棘胸蛙幼蛙(J-B组)投喂人工配合饲料饲养为成蛙后,对其肌肉常规营养成分以及脂肪酸、氨基酸、矿物质组成与含量进行检测,并与同一批蝌蚪孵化,投喂黄粉虫饲养棘胸蛙(J-A组)的肌肉进行对比分析。结果显示:J-A组和J-B组粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量均无显著性差异(P>0.05),J-B组灰分和钙含量显著高于J-A组(P<0.05),水分和磷含量显著低于J-A(P<0.05);2组均检测出17种氨基酸,J-B组非必需氨基酸含量(ΣNEAA)显著高于J-A组(P<0.05),而必需氨基酸含量(ΣEAA)和氨基酸总量(ΣTAA)无显著性差异(P>0.05);J-A组W_(ΣEAA)/W_(ΣTAA)和W_(ΣEAA)/W_(ΣNEAA)的比值均显著高于J-B组(P<0.05);J-B组和J-A组必需氨基酸评分(AAS)范围分别为0.71~1.64和0.96~1.70,化学评分(CS)范围分别为0.44~1.26和0.60~1.31;J-A组必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)(88.29%)高于J-B组(80.34%);J-B组和J-A组分别检测出14种和13种脂肪酸,J-B单不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于J-A组(P<0.05),多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著低于J-A组(P<0.05),饱和脂肪酸含量2组无显著性差异。综上所述,与投喂人工配合饲料组J-B组相比,投喂生物饵料组J-A组棘胸蛙肌肉在氨基酸层面具有更高的食用价值。因此,替代生物饵料的人工配合饲料的研发需继续优化,特别是饲料配方的筛选要注意氨基酸的平衡。
Due to the special biological characteristics of Quasipaa spinosa,it only feeds on live baits such as yellow mealworm,fly maggots and earthworms,which seriously limits the large-scale development of the breeding industry of Q.spinosa.The project team fed a group of young Q.spinosa(J-B group)with artificial compound feed to adult Q.spinosa,and the routine nutritional components,fatty acids,amino acids and minerals in the muscle of Q.spinosa were detected,and compared with the muscle of O.spinosa(J-A group)the same batch of tadpolesand feel with Tenebrio molitor.The results showed that there was no difference in crude protein and crude fat contents between J-A group and J-B group(P>0.05).The ash and calcium contents of J-B group were significantly higher than J-A group(P<0.05),and the water and phosphorus contents were significantly lower than J-A group(P<0.05).17 kinds of amino acids were detected in both groups.The content of non-essential amino acids(ΣNEAA)in J-B group was significantly higher than that in J-A group(P<0.05),and the total amino acid(ΣTAA),essential amino acid content(ΣEAA)was no significant difference.The ratios of W_(ΣEAA)/W_(ΣTAA) and W_(ΣEAA)/W_(ΣNEAA) in J-A group were significantly higher than J-B group(P<0.05).The essential amino acid score(AAS)of J-B group and J-A group ranged from 0.71 to 1.64 and 0.96 to 1.70,and the chemical score(CS)ranged from 0.44 to 1.26 and 0.60 to 1.31,respectively.The essential amino acid index(EAAI)of J-A group(88.29%)was higher than J-B group(80.34%).J-B group and J-A group total of 14 and 13 fatty acids were detected.The content of monounsaturated fatty acids in J-B was significantly higher than J-A group(P<0.05),and the polyunsaturated fatty acids was significantly lower than J-A group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in saturated fatty acid content between the two groups.In summary,compared with the J-B group fed with artificial compound feed,the muscle of J-A group fed with biological feed has higher edible value at the amino acid level.Therefore,the research and development of artificial compound feed that replaces biological feed needs to be further optimized,especially it should pay attention to amino acids balance when screening feed formulas.
作者
李文盛
LI Wensheng(Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Fuzhou 350002,China)
出处
《水产学杂志》
2025年第6期29-35,50,共8页
Chinese Journal of Fisheries
基金
福建省省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2024R1014004)
福建省淡水水产种业研究中心(2023FJDSZYZX)。
关键词
棘胸蛙
氨基酸
脂肪酸
营养价值评价
Quasipaa spinosa
amino acid
fatty acid
nutrition value
