摘要
以优化营商环境为抓手的经济和行政管理体制改革,是中国政府最重要的施政举措之一,形成了一场重塑政企关系、激发市场活力的“静悄悄的革命”。本文基于2012—2023年约12万份文件的中国营商环境政策文本库,运用大语言模型进行文本分析,揭示了中国营商环境政策的多维特征。研究发现,中国营商环境政策的分布呈现“峰状分布、先增后稳、区域分化”特征,发文主体呈现“部门协同与层级分化”特征,政策目标聚焦“非对标世行的内向改革”,政策扩散遵循“纵向主导、横向协同”模式。计量分析表明,营商政策数量与营商环境质量显著正相关。本研究首次全面梳理了中国营商环境政策的内容和特征,清晰描绘了这场“静悄悄革命”的宏观图景与内在运行逻辑,为理解党的十八大以来中国营商环境的改善提供了扎实的微观基础与实证支撑。
The reform of economic and administrative management systems,centered on optimizing the business environment,stands as one of the most significant policy initiatives undertaken by the Chinese government.It has ushered in a“quiet revolution”that reshapes the relationship between the government and enterprises,thereby igniting market vitality.Based on a corpus of approximately 120,000 Chinese business environment policy documents from 2012 to 2023,we employ large language models to conduct a textual analysis and reveal multi-dimensional characteristics of these policies.The findings indicate that the distribution of Chinese business environment policies exhibits a peak-like pattern,increasing first and stabilizing later,with regional variation,the issuing bodies demonstrate inter-agency collaboration and hierarchical differentiation,while policy objectives focus on inward-oriented reforms not aligned with World Bank standards,and the policy diffusion follows a vertically led,horizontally coordinated model.Econometric analysis shows that the number of business environment policies is significantly positively correlated with the quality of the business environment.This study comprehensively sorts out the content and characteristics of China’s business environment policies for the first time,clearly depicts the macro picture and internal operating logic of this“quiet revolution”,and provides a solid micro-foundation and empirical support for understanding the improvement of China’s business environment since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
作者
聂辉华
杜健
NIE Huihua;DU Jian
出处
《新经济》
2025年第12期5-24,共20页
New Economy
基金
教育部重大课题攻关项目“深化‘放管服’改革促进营商环境持续优化研究”(18JZD048)
北京市高校卓越青年科学家项目“北京市建设全球营商环境标杆城市的机制体制创新以及扩散效应研究”(JWZQ20240202001)。
关键词
营商环境
文本分析
大语言模型
Business Environment
Textual Analysis
Large Language Model
