摘要
本文基于陕西清涧县辛庄与寨沟遗址的植物考古和同位素证据,从作物组合、人类饮食和家畜饲养模式角度,探讨陕北商代晚期的生业经济与人类适应。研究发现,晚商时期陕北先民的生业经济基础是以栽培粟、黍为主的旱作农业,相较于新石器时代晚期,此时粟在作物组合中的重要性更加凸显,但作物品种的多样性不如龙山晚期,应为环境适应的结果;粟黍农业对商代晚期陕北地区人类饮食以及家猪、黄牛饲养的支撑作用更强,绵羊/山羊的饲养模式更多依赖于放牧,家马的饲养模式与黄牛和绵羊/山羊相似。
Based on the new archaeobotanical and isotopic evidence from the Xinzhuang site and the Zhaigou site at Qingjian County,Shaanxi,the present study discusses the subsistence economy and human adaptation in the area of northern Shaanxi during the late period of the Shang Dynasty from the perspectives of crop combinations,human diet,and livestock husbandry patterns.It suggests that subsistence economy of the ancient inhabitants in northern Shaanxi during the late Shang Dynasty was dry-land agriculture based on cultivating foxtail millet(Setaria italica)and broomcorn millet(Panicum miliaceum).Compared with the late Neolithic Age,foxtail millet became more prominent in the crop combination during this period.However,the diversity of crop varieties was lower than that in the late Longshan period,which should be the result of human adaptation to the environment.Millet agriculture supported the human diet as well as domestic pig and cattle rearing more strongly in northern Shaanxi during the late Shang Dynasty.Sheep/goat rearing patterns relied more on grazing,and domestic horse rearing patterns were similar to those of cattle and sheep/goat.
作者
生膨菲
谢可舟
孙战伟
尚雪
Sheng Pengfei;Xie Kezhou;Sun Zhanwei;Shang Xue
出处
《农业考古》
北大核心
2025年第6期22-30,共9页
Agricultural Archaeology
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目“渭河流域新石器中期至秦汉时期农业活动与土壤质量演变研究”(项目编号:21CKG022)。
关键词
陕北
生业经济
同位素分析
粟黍农业
northern Shaanxi
subsistence economy
Isotope analysis
millet agriculture
