摘要
火星表面的各种特征、成分组成情况以及浅层结构记录着火星的环境演化历史,研究火星的环境演化可以进一步帮助人类探索火星的宜居性。2020年,我国自主研发的天问一号探测器成功升空,这是中国首次独立开展火星探测任务。随探测器一同前往的祝融号火星车在着陆火星后,把探测目标对准了乌托邦平原南部区域。它通过高分辨率成像、激光诱导光谱分析、反射光谱分析以及雷达勘察等多种手段展开探测,为科研人员研究火星环境演化史提供了第一手数据。基于天问一号探测数据得出的科学分析结果,本文从火星表面特征、物质成分、浅层结构这三个方面入手,对目前已有的科学认知进行了梳理与分析,从火星气候变化、地质活动过程以及水活动演化等方面总结了获得的新认识。
The diverse surface features,compositional makeups,and shallow subsurface structures of Mars preserved a record of the Martian environmental evolution history.To study the Marian environmental evolution can further assist humanity for exploring the habitability of Mars.In 2020,the independently developed Tianwen-1 probe by China was successfully launched for undertaking the China′s first independent Mars exploration mission.The Zhurong rover,which traveled with the Tianwen-1 probe,set its exploration sites on the southern region of Utopia Planitia after landing on Mars.It conducted investigations through multiple techniques,including high-resolution imaging,laser-induced spectral analysis,reflectance spectral analysis,and radar surveying,and provided first-hand data for researchers to study the Martian environmental evolution history.Based on the scientific analytical results by various research teams using the obtained data of the Tianwen-1 probe,in this paper,we have examined and analyzed the current state of scientific understanding on Mars from three aspects including the surface features,material compositions,and shallow subsurface structures of Mars.Additionally,we have summarized new gained insights regarding to the climate change,geological activity process,and water activity evolution of Mars.
作者
李志斌
刘建军
任鑫
刘书宁
陈朝鹏
高孟嘉
LI Zhibin;LIU Jianjun;REN Xin;LIU Shuning;CHEN Zhaopeng;GAO Mengjia(National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101 China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 999077,China)
出处
《矿物学报》
北大核心
2025年第6期1171-1183,共13页
Acta Mineralogica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划(编号:2022YFF0503204)。
关键词
天问一号
火星环境演化
表面特征
物质成分
浅层结构
Tianwen-1 probe
enviranmental evolution of Mars
surface features
material composition
shallow subsurface structure
