摘要
洮儿河上游沉积物中重金属含量直接影响下游及嫩江的水环境质量,为探究洮儿河上游河流沉积物中重金属分布特征及污染来源,本研究以洮儿河上游阿尔山段为研究对象,对14个监测点的表层沉积物进行采样并测定了5种重金属(Zn、Cr、Cu、Cd和Pb)的含量。通过地累积指数法(I_(geo))、潜在生态风险指数法(E^(i)_(r))和综合潜在生态风险指数法(RI)评价5种重金属污染程度和潜在生态风险,使用Pearson相关性分析、主成分分析(PCA)和正定矩阵因子分解法(PMF)解析洮儿河上游表层沉积物中重金属来源及相对贡献。结果表明,除Cu以外的4种重金属(Zn、Cr、Cd、Pb)含量平均值分别为背景值的2.02、2.14、4.17、1.91倍;表层沉积物中重金属含量分布存在明显差异,Zn、Cu、Cd和Pb主要集中在河流上游,下游与支流含量较低;地累积指数和潜在生态风险指数表明Cd是造成生态风险的主要元素,RI均值为144.89,整体呈轻度生态风险水平;表层沉积物中重金属的主要来源为农业活动、交通运输和自然与交通运输的混合源,其相对贡献率分别为42.1%、31%和26.9%。
The content of heavy metals in the sediments of the upper reaches of the Taoer River directly affects the water environment quality of the lower reaches and the Nenjiang River.In order to explore the distribution characters and pollution sources of heavy metals in the sediments of the upper reaches of the Taoer River,the surface sediments of 14 monitoring sites were sampled and the content of 5 heavy metals(Zn,Cr,Cu,Cd and Pb)was determined.The geo-accumulation index method(I_(geo)),potential ecological risk index method(E^(i)_(r))and comprehensive potential ecological risk index method(RI)were used to evaluate the pollution degree and potential ecological risk of 5 heavy metals.Pearson correlation analysis,principal component analysis(PCA)and positive definite matrix factorization(PMF)were used to analyze the sources and relative contributions of heavy metals in surface sediments in the upper reaches of the Taoer River.The results showed that,except Cu,the average content of four heavy metals(Zn,Cr,Cd,and Pb)was 2.02,2.14,4.17,and 1.91 times the background value,respectively.There were significant differences in the distribution of heavy metals in surface sediments,with Zn,Cu,Cd and Pb were mainly concentrated in the upper reaches of the river,while the contents in the lower reaches and tributaries arise were lower.The geo-accumulation index method and the potential ecological risk index showed that Cd was the main element causing ecological risk,and the average RI was 144.89,indicating a mild ecological risk level.The main sources of heavy metals in surface sediments were agricultural activities,transportation and the mixed sources of nature and transportation,and their relative contribution rates were 42.1%,31%and 26.9%,respectively.
作者
杨朋朋
赵中华
姚晓龙
龚雄虎
张路
YANG Peng-peng;ZHAO Zhong-hua;YAO Xiao-long;GONG Xiong-hu;ZHANG Lu(State Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 211135,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 211135,China)
出处
《环境生态学》
2025年第12期1-8,共8页
Environmental Ecology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3202703)
湖泊与流域水安全全国重点实验室重点研发项目(NIGLAS2022GS04)资助。
关键词
洮儿河
沉积物
重金属
生态风险
源解析
Taoer River
sediments
heavy metals
ecological risk
source apportionment
