摘要
为探究山东省南四湖7种重金属(Ni、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cu、Cr和V)的历史变化规律、污染特征和潜在来源,在南四湖的子湖微山湖和独山湖分别采集一根沉积柱样品(编号为NSH-1和NSH-2)。基于^(210)Pb和^(137)Cs比活度测定沉积柱年代序列,采用地累积指数(Igeo)、富集系数(EF)和潜在生态风险指数(RI)对重金属污染程度进行分析,利用Pearson相关性分析与PCA主成分分析解析重金属的潜在污染来源。研究结果表明,NSH-1和NSH-2中Ni、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cu、Cr和V的平均含量分别为35.19、25.43、86.77、0.39、39.71、38.93、9.26 mg/kg和40.31、24.76、77.50、0.49、47.08、48.78、8.96 mg/kg。Cd是污染最严重的重金属,NSH-1中Cd的平均污染水平高于NSH-2(Igeo:0.71>-0.01;EF:4.09>1.67;RI:81.11>47.78);Ni、Zn、Cu、Cr和V属于造岩矿物,均处于低风险水平,且在柱状剖面上的变化具有较好的一致性;重金属含量变化可以分为3个阶段:1888/1892-1960年变化比较稳定,1960-2000年为先下降后在20世纪90年代回升,2000-2020/2021年为下降阶段。Pearson相关性分析结果表明Ni、Cd、Cu、Cr和V具有较高的相关性(P<0.05);PCA主成分分析结果表明7种重金属可以分为两类污染来源,第一主成分方差贡献率为59.92%,判断可能是自然和工业混合来源,第二主成分方差贡献值为22.41%,可能是农业与工业混合来源,2种来源累计占有率为82.33%。
A survey was carried out in Nansi Lake,which included the collection of sediment cores from specific positions of the Lake for the purpose of studying the heavy-metal pollution history,pollution patterns and potential pollution sources,focusing on seven species of heavy metal(Ni,Pb,Zn,Cd,Cu,Cr,and V).The specific positions of sediment cores were at Nansi Lake’s two sub-lakes(Dushan and Weishan lakes),two sediment core samples were Serial No.NSH-1 for Dushan Lake and Serial No.NSH-2 for Weishan Lake,respectively;the chronological sequences of the sediment cores were measured using ^(210)Pb and ^(137)Cs specific activities,and the heavy-metal pollution level was evaluated by geo-accumulation index(Igeo),enrichment factor(EF),and potential ecological risk index(RI);and the Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis(PCA)were employed to identify potential pollution sources.Results of the survey demonstrated that the mean concentrations of Ni,Pb,Zn,Cd,Cu,Cr and V contained in NSH-1 were 35.19,25.43,86.77,0.39,39.71,38.93,9.26 mg/kg,respectively,and contained in NSH-240.31,24.76,77.50,0.49,47.08,48.78,8.96 mg/kg,respectively.Cd among others,was the most severely pollutant heavy-metal element,with much higher average contamination levels in NSH-1 compared to NSH-2(Igeo:0.71>-0.01;EF:4.09>1.67;RI:81.11>47.78);Ni,Zn,Cu,Cr,and V were primarily derived from lithogenic min⁃erals,being consistently remained at low-risk levels and displayed coherent vertical variations across the sediment profiles.The change of heavy-metal concentrations can be divided into three distinct phases:(1)the period from 1888/1892 to 1960 was relatively stable;(2)during 1960-2000 the concentrations declined at first but rebound later;and(3)from 2000 to 2020/2021 the concentrations began to decline.The Pearson correlation analysis indicated that there were significant correla⁃tions(P<0.05)among Ni,Cd,Cu,Cr and V;and according to PCA analysis,the pollution source of the seven heavy metals had two categories:the first principal component(59.92%variance contribution)was attributed to mixed natural source and in⁃dustrial pollution,while the second(22.41%variance contribution)was very likely originated from combined agricultural and industrial inputs,the cumulative occupancy of two categories accounting for 82.33%.
作者
王晓宇
孙相宇
纪晓阳
张大伦
李孝朋
何汪洋
田晓留
黄加劲
吕晓芳
杜民恺
刘振
邢新丽
张文轩
WANG Xiaoyu;SUN Xiangyu;JI Xiaoyang;ZHANG Dalun;LI Xiaopeng;HE Wangyang;TIAN Xiaoliu;HUANG Jiajin;LYU Xiaofang;DU Minkai;LIU Zhen;XING Xinli;ZHANG Wenxuan(School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;Geophysical Prospecting and Surveying Team of Shandong Province,Jinan 250104,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
北大核心
2025年第12期123-135,共13页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
山东省煤田地质局科研专项(MTDZKY-2024-34)
国家自然科学基金项目:中纬度高山森林生态系统中POPs的大气-地表交换与源汇动态转换机制(42377235)。
关键词
南四湖
沉积柱
重金属
富集系数
风险评价
Nansi Lake
sediment core
heavy metal
enrichment factor
risk assessment
