摘要
入江河流沉积物中的重金属污染状况直接影响长江的水环境质量,为探究长江下游典型城市入江河流沉积物中重金属分布特征和污染来源,以长江南京段为研究区域,对16个监测点位沉积物进行采样,统计分析As、Hg、Cr、Pb、Cd、Cu和Zn测定数据,通过潜在生态风险指数法和地累积指数法综合评价入江河流沉积物重金属,使用Pearson相关性分析方法和正定矩阵因子分解法(PMF)解析入江河流沉积物重金属来源.结果表明,入江河流沉积物7种重金属平均值普遍高于长江沉积物,所有入江河流沉积物重金属变异系数均高于40%,空间异质性强;长江南京段入江河流沉积物最主要的重金属为Cd,石头河沉积物重金属的累积程度和潜在生态风险明显高于其他入江河流;长江南京段从上游至下游,潜在生态风险指数逐渐升高,呈现“上游低,下游高”的空间分布特征;当P<0.01时,Pearson相关性分析指出多对重金属之间相互正相关,可能拥有共同的污染源;正定矩阵因子分解法(PMF)结果表明,入江河流的主要污染源包括工业污染(26%)、农业污染(29.7%)和交通运输(29.5%),其余14.8%归因于自然源.
The heavy metal pollution in the sediments of tributaries directly affects the water quality of the Yangtze River.To investigate the distribution characteristics and pollution sources of heavy metals in the sediments of the incoming rivers in typical cities of the lower Yangtze River,the Nanjing section of the Yangtze River was selected as the study area.Sediment samples were collected from 16 monitoring points,and the monitoring data for As,Hg,Cr,Pb,Cd,Cu,and Zn were statistically analyzed.The potential ecological risk index method and the geo-accumulation index method were used to comprehensively evaluate the heavy metals in the sediments of the incoming rivers.Pearson correlation analysis and positive matrix factorization(PMF)were employed to analyze the sources of heavy metals in the sediments.The results indicated that the average values of seven heavy metals in the sediments of the incoming rivers were generally higher than those in the Yangtze River sediments,with all heavy metal coefficients of variation in the incoming river sediments exceeding 40%,indicating strong spatial heterogeneity.The primary heavy metal in the incoming river sediments in the Nanjing section of the Yangtze River was Cd,and the accumulation level and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the Shitou River sediments were significantly higher than those in other incoming rivers.From upstream to downstream in the Nanjing section of the Yangtze River,the potential ecological risk index gradually increased,showing a spatial distribution characteristic of“lower upstream,higher downstream.”When P<0.01,Pearson correlation analysis indicated significant positive correlations among multiple heavy metals,suggesting that they may share common pollution sources.The results of the positive matrix factorization method(PMF)indicated that the main pollution sources of the incoming rivers included industrial pollution(26%),agricultural pollution(29.7%),and transportation(29.5%),with the remaining 14.8%attributed to natural sources.
作者
金巧依
李一平
潘泓哲
刘军
柏松
赵明明
胡静
谢鑫苗
郑婉婷
余晨
JIN Qiao-yi;LI Yi-ping;PAN Hong-zhe;LIU Jun;BAI Song;ZHAO Ming-ming;HU Jing;XIE Xin-miao;ZHENG Wan-ting;YU Chen(College of Envionment,Hohai Universty,Nanjing 20098,China;Nanjing Environmental Monitoring Center of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 20019,China)
出处
《环境科学》
北大核心
2025年第8期5059-5069,共11页
Environmental Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3208900,2023YFC3208904)
国家自然科学基金项目(52039003)
江苏省环境监测科研基金项目(2101)
南京市环保科研课题资助项目(202214)
江苏省南京环境监测中心自主立项科研项目。
关键词
入江河流
沉积物
重金属
分布特征
源解析
tributaries of the Yangtze River
sediments
heavy metals
distribution characteristics
source apportionment
