摘要
本试验旨在分析产蛋后期蛋鸡对10种不同来源小麦次粉的氨基酸表观回肠消化率(AID)和标准回肠消化率(SID),并基于小麦次粉的物理特性和化学成分含量构建产蛋后期蛋鸡氨基酸SID的预测方程。采用单因素试验设计,选用396只健康、体重和产蛋率相近的产蛋后期(75周龄)罗曼粉蛋鸡,随机分为11个组,每组6个重复,每个重复6只鸡。各组分别饲喂1种无氮饲粮和10种不同来源小麦次粉配制的半纯合试验饲粮,无氮饲粮和试验饲粮中均添加0.50%的二氧化钛(TiO 2)作为外源指示剂,试验周期为3 d。试验结束后,使用二氧化碳气体致晕并宰杀所有鸡只,采集回肠末端食糜用于测定氨基酸和TiO 2含量并计算氨基酸SID。结果表明:1)在风干基础下,10种不同来源小麦次粉粗蛋白质(CP)、干物质(DM)、粗灰分(Ash)、粗脂肪(EE)、粗纤维(CF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、总能(GE)、钙(Ca)、总磷(TP)和总淀粉(TS)含量平均值分别为16.26%(14.16%~17.96%)、88.56%(86.86%~89.37%)、3.24%(2.28%~4.52%)、3.49%(2.54%~4.97%)、4.61%(2.43%~10.68%)、5.53%(2.65%~12.65%)、21.93%(13.50%~36.30%)、12.92 MJ/kg(12.08~13.92 MJ/kg)、0.08%(0.06%~0.10%)、0.61%(0.44%~0.75%)和29.48%(18.21%~40.53%);容重(BD)平均值为487.94 g/L(429.72~563.09 g/L)。小麦次粉氨基酸中蛋氨酸含量最少,平均值为0.23%(0.21%~0.26%);谷氨酸含量最多,平均值为3.17%(2.94%~3.55%);总氨基酸含量平均值为13.59%(12.23%~14.43%)。2)产蛋后期蛋鸡对小麦次粉的氨基酸SID平均值为67.36%~90.19%;蛋氨酸SID的变异系数(CV)最大,为22.70%,其余氨基酸SID的CV均不超过15%。3)本试验共建立了除色氨酸外的9种必需氨基酸SID的预测方程,赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、亮氨酸、组氨酸和苯丙氨酸SID预测方程的决定系数(R^(2))均高于0.900。其中,赖氨酸SID预测方程(Lys SID=-36.50-9.91ADF+5.83NDF+1.23TS)的拟合程度最高(R^(2)=0.965,P<0.01)。氨基酸SID预测方程预测值与实际值的相对偏差为0.10%~3.60%。综上所述,10种不同来源小麦次粉化学成分含量差异较大,基于小麦次粉物理特性和化学成分含量构建的氨基酸SID预测方程拟合度较好,其中以赖氨酸SID预测方程的表现最优。
This experiment was conducted to analyze the amino acids apparent ileal digestibility(AID)and standardized ileal digestibility(SID)of 10 wheat middlings from different sources in laying hens during late laying period,and to establish prediction equations of amino acids SID based on physical characteristic and chemical component contents of wheat middlings.A single-factor experimental design was adopted,a total of 396 healthy 75-week-old Roman pink laying hens during late laying period with similar body weight and egg production rate were selected and randomly divided into 11 groups with 6 replicates per group and 6 hens per replicate.Each group was fed one type of nitrogen-free diet or 10 semi-purified experimental diets formulated with different sources of wheat middlings.All nitrogen-free and experimental diets were supplemented with 0.50%titanium dioxide(TiO 2)as an exogenous indicator,and the experimental period was 3 days.After the experiment,all hens were stunned with carbon dioxide gas and slaughtered.Ileal digesta were collected to determine amino acids and TiO 2 contents,and calculate amino acids SID.The results showed as follows:1)under the air-dry basis,the average contents of crude protein(CP),dry matter(DM),crude ash(Ash),ether extract(EE),crude fiber(CF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),gross energy(GE),calcium(Ca),total phosphorus(TP)and total starch(TS)of 10 wheat middlings from different sources were 16.26%(14.16%to 17.96%),88.56%(86.86%to 89.37%),3.24%(2.28%to 4.52%),3.49%(2.54%to 4.97%),4.61%(2.43%to 10.68%),5.53%(2.65%to 12.65%),21.93%(13.50%to 36.30%),12.92 MJ/kg(12.08 to 13.92 MJ/kg),0.08%(0.06%to 0.10%),0.61%(0.44%to 0.75%)and 29.48%(18.21%to 40.53%),respectively;the average bulk density(BD)was 487.94 g/L(429.72 to 563.09 g/L).Among amino acids of wheat middlings,methionine had the lowest content with an average of 0.23%(0.21%to 0.26%),while glutamic acid had the highest content with an average of 3.17%(2.94%to 3.55%),and the average total amino acid content was 13.59%(12.23%to 14.43%).2)The average amino acids SID of wheat middlings in laying hens during late laying period ranged from 67.36%to 90.19%;the coefficient of variation(CV)of methionine SID was the largest(22.70%),and the CV of SID for other amino acids did not exceed 15%.3)In this experiment,prediction equations for SID of 9 essential amino acids(except tryptophan)were established.The coefficients of determination(R^(2))of prediction equations for SID of lysine,methionine,leucine,histidine and phenylalanine were all higher than 0.900.Among them,the prediction equation for lysine SID(Lys SID=-36.50-9.91ADF+5.83NDF+1.23TS)had the highest fitting degree(R^(2)=0.965,P<0.01).The relative deviation between predicted and measured values of amino acid SID prediction equations ranged from 0.10%to 3.60%.In conclusion,the chemical composition contents of 10 wheat middlings from different sources vary greatly.The established prediction equations of amino acid SID based on physical characteristic and chemical composition of wheat middlings have good fitting degrees,among which the lysine SID prediction equation performs the best.
作者
张露
丁雪梅
曾秋凤
白世平
刘艳
张睿楠
张克英
王建萍
ZHANG Lu;DING Xuemei;ZENG Qiufeng;BAI Shiping;LIU Yan;ZHANG Ruinan;ZHANG Keying;WANG Jianping(Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Sichuan Province,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education,Animal Nutrition Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2025年第11期7563-7576,共14页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1300204)。
关键词
产蛋后期蛋鸡
小麦次粉
氨基酸标准回肠消化率
预测方程
laying hens during late laying period
wheat middings
amino acid standardized ileal digestibility
predictive equations
