摘要
针对轧制磨球对钢材的高性能要求,采用100 t超高功率电弧炉→120 t钢包精炼炉→120 t VD真空精炼炉→4R15m大圆坯连铸机→缓冷→步进式加热炉→∅1150 mm/950 mm二辊可逆式开坯机→精轧→缓冷的工艺流程,进行高耐磨轧制钢球用热轧圆钢B3的生产实践。通过对轧制磨球用钢B3成分的优化设计,适当降低碳含量,控制在0.59%~0.65%,提高硅和铬元素含量,增加细化晶粒元素Al(≥0.010%)等措施,提高了钢材淬透性,细化了钢材晶粒,提高了钢球的韧性、耐磨性等性能;通过提高电炉终点碳(≥0.15%)、精炼造高碱度(R≥4.0)渣系、VD真空脱气、夹杂物变性处理等洁净钢冶炼技术,有效降低了钢中磷、硫、气体以及夹杂物等有害因素含量,提高了钢球的抗疲劳性能;通过大圆坯采用三恒稳态浇铸、低过热度(15~25℃)、电磁搅拌等技术,保证大圆坯的凝固质量;通过轧钢采用大压缩比(≥14)、合理的加热温度和轧制温度(开轧温度1000~1100℃,终轧温度850~950℃)以及缓冷技术,保证了轧材组织的均匀性,提高了组织晶粒度,保证了圆钢质量,提高了钢球的强度和韧性。经不同客户使用,生产的B3钢球表面硬度和体积硬度均控制在62~66 HRC,心部硬度在60~65 HRC,落球试验10000次以上无破裂。
In response to the high-performance requirements of steel for rolling and grinding balls,a process flow of 100 t ultra-high power electric arc furnace→120 t ladle refining furnace→120 t VD vacuum refining furnace→4R15m large round billet continuous casting machine→slow cooling→step heating furnace→∅1150 mm/950 mm two roll reversible billet opening machine→precision rolling→slow cooling is adopted for the production practice of hot-rolled round steel B3 for high wear-resistant rolling steel balls.By optimizing the composition design of B3 steel for rolling and grinding balls,appropriately reducing the carbon content to 0.59%~0.65%,increasing the silicon and chromium element content,and adding refined grain element Al(≥0.010%),the hardenability of the steel has been improved,the grain size of the steel has been refined,and the toughness,wear resistance,and other properties of the steel ball have been enhanced.By improving the endpoint carbon of the electric furnace(≥0.15%),refining high alkalinity(R≥4.0)slag system,VD vacuum degassing,and impurity transformation treatment in clean steel smelting technology,the content of harmful factors such as phosphorus,sulfur,gas,and inclusions in the steel has been effectively reduced,and the fatigue resistance of the steel ball has been improved.The solidification quality of the large round billet is ensured through techniques such as three constant steady state casting,low superheat(15~25℃),and electromagnetic stirring.By using a high compression ratio(≥14),reasonable heating and rolling temperatures(starting rolling temperature 1000~1100℃,Finishing rolling temperature 850~950℃),and slow cooling technology in steel rolling,the uniformity of the rolled material structure is ensured,the grain size of the structure is improved,the internal and external quality of the round steel is guaranteed,and the strength and toughness of the steel ball can be improved.After being used by different customers,the surface hardness and volume hardness of B3 steel balls produced are controlled at 62~66 HRC,and the core hardness is controlled at 60~65 HRC.There is no fracture after more than 10000 drop tests.
作者
孙衍国
Sun Yanguo(Shandong Guangfu Group Co.,Ltd.,Binzhou 256217,Shandong)
出处
《河北冶金》
2025年第11期72-77,共6页
Hebei Metallurgy
关键词
B3钢球
高耐磨性
洁净钢冶炼
大压缩比轧制
高硬度
高韧性
B3 steel balls
high wear resistance
clean steel smelting
high compression ratio rolling
high hardness
high toughness
