摘要
海洋生物对重金属有相当强的累积能力,它们对海洋中重金属的分布和迁移过程中起着重要的作用。许多学者在这方面进行了研究,但试验材料主要是无脊椎动物。Wright,Heit等曾对鱼体中若干重金属含量进行过测定分析。瑞典人首先使用狗鱼Esox lucius作为河口淡水和半咸水汞污染的指示生物。Dix等也建议用鲬Platycephalus bussensis作为海洋汞污染的指示生物。
Tilapia mossambica were held in seawater containing Cd,Pb,Cu,Ni in the concentrations of 0.1,0.5,0.1 and 1.0 ppm respectively.The salinity of seawater was about 33‰,temperature 25℃.The metal concentration of fish body and tissue was determined by wet digestion and flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry.For the first 98 days,the metal concentration increased with time.Then it fluctuated within a steady range during the succeeding month or so.The largest bioaccumulation factors were:Cu,76.45;Pb,28.08;Cd,9.37 and Ni,1.78 respectively.Near the end of the experiment concentration slightly declined.It was also found that,within the Cadmium concentration range of 0.01—0.25 ppm,there existed no relationship between the bioaccumulation factor and Cadmium concentration in seawater.The experiment showed that kidney,liver and digestive system were the principal tissues of heavy metal accumulation.Muscle was an insignificant metal accumulator.In the depuration experiment,we removed the fish held for 56 days in seawater containing heavy metals at the concentration of Cd,0.2;Cu,0.2;Pb,1.0 and Ni,2.0 ppm respectively to seawater with no heavy metal added.It was found that all the four metals could be depurated,but depuration was more rapid for Ni,Cd and Cu than for Pb.Their biological half-lives were:12.3 days for Ni,18.9 days for Cd,25.9 days for Cu,115.5 days for Pb.
作者
吴玉霖
赵鸿儒
侯兰英
娄清香
Wu Yulin;Zhao Hongru;Hou Lanying;Lou Qingxiang(Institute of Oceanology,Academia Sinica)
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
1983年第5期473-481,共9页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
