摘要
目的:对优秀空手道运动员段××前交叉韧带(anterior cruciate ligament,ACL)重建术后康复训练进行研究和总结。方法:根据运动员的伤病情况和康复目标,进行为期13周共2个阶段的康复训练干预,第1阶段主要包括膝关节稳定性训练及核心训练,第2阶段主要包括膝关节爆发力和协调能力训练。在康复训练前后,测量运动员双侧膝关节屈伸肌群的峰值力矩、平均功率和平均做功量,并在训练期间结合多次体格检查与腿围测试,动态评估各阶段康复训练效果。结果:经过13周康复训练干预,运动员双侧膝关节大腿围度、屈伸肌群值峰力矩、平均功率、平均做功量、关节活动度均有不同程度改善。膝关节伸肌峰值力矩左右同名肌比由31.0%缩小至正常范围8.5%,屈肌峰值力矩左右同名肌比由30.2%缩小至17.0%。左大腿围恢复至与右侧对称。左膝关节屈膝活动度恢复至135°,与右侧无明显差异。结论:经过13周康复训练干预,运动员膝关节各项指标均有不同程度改善,基本可以进行空手道专项基础技术训练。应根据运动员具体情况制定个性化康复训练方案,建议第1阶段以低负荷闭链运动为核心,增强关节稳定,恢复活动度;第2阶段增加爆发力与神经-肌肉协调性训练,强化膝关节周围肌群。
Objective:To study and summarize the rehabilitation training of an outstanding karate athlete,Duan××,following anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)reconstruction surgery.Methods:Based on the athlete’s injury status and rehabilitation goals,a 13-week rehabilitation training intervention was conducted,divided into two phases.Phase 1 primarily included knee joint stability training and core training,while Phase 2 primarily included knee joint explosive power and coordination training.Before and after rehabilitation training,peak torque,average power,and average work output of the quadriceps and hamstring muscle groups in both knees were measured.During the training period,multiple physical examinations and leg circumference tests were conducted to dynamically assess the effectiveness of each phase of rehabilitation training.Results:After 13 weeks of rehabilitation training intervention,there were varying degrees of improvement in the quadriceps and hamstring muscle groups’peak torque,average power,average work output,and joint range of motion in both knees.The ratio of peak torque between the left and right homonymous muscles of the knee joint extensor muscles decreased from 31.0%to the normal range of 8.5%,and the ratio of peak torque between the left and right homonymous muscles of the knee joint flexor muscles decreased from 30.2%to 17.0%.The left thigh circumference recovered to symmetry with the right side.The left knee joint flexion range of motion recovered to 135°,with no significant difference from the right side.Conclusions:After 13 weeks of rehabilitation training intervention,the athlete’s knee joint parameters improved to varying degrees,and they could basically perform basic karate-specific technical training.A personalized rehabilitation training plan should be developed based on the athlete’s specific condition.It is recommended that the first phase focus on low-load closed-chain exercises to enhance joint stability and restore range of motion,while the second phase should increase explosive power and neuromuscular coordination training to strengthen the muscles around the knee joint.
作者
秦晓红
李铎
郑伟涛
QIN Xiaohong;LI Duo;ZHENG Weitao(Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,China)
出处
《中国体育科技》
北大核心
2025年第11期3-10,共8页
China Sport Science and Technology
基金
湖北省自然科学创新发展联合基金项目(2025AFD652)。
关键词
空手道
前交叉韧带
重建
康复训练
karate
anterior cruciate ligament
reconstruction
rehabilitation training
