摘要
当前中国面临激励政策数量激增与企业政策响应率低迷的显著矛盾,凸显激励性规范存在“重承诺、轻兑现”的结构性缺陷。既有研究多聚焦制度供给不足(如法治薄弱),却忽视激励性政策本身的系统性失衡,尤其缺乏对政策兑现效能与制度成本的量化分析,导致理论解释力不足且政策实践陷入“激励失效循环”。要打破这一循环,关键在于理解激励性规范的核心作用机制。与传统命令控制型政策工具的惩罚约束逻辑不同,激励性规范通过“引导奖励”机制激发市场活力。为检验其效能,本文基于2017—2022年省级面板数据,验证了激励性规范的使用规范体系、法律后果体系,以及评价规范体系对营商环境的正向影响。研究发现,使用规范体系、后果规范体系和评价规范体系起作用的领域各不相同,营商环境的优化依赖三者的协同。建议通过明确激励对象、完善法律后果体系、建立效果评价机制,优化激励性规范体系,提升企业政策响应率与资源配置效率。
China is currently facing a significant contradiction between the surge in the number of incentive policies and the low response rate of enterprises to these policies.This highlights a structural flaw in incentive-based norms characterized by an emphasis on promises but a neglect of fulfillment.Existing research has predominantly focused on institutional supply deficiencies,such as weak rule of law,while overlooking the systemic imbalances within the incentive policies themselves.In particular,there is a lack of quantitative analysis on the effectiveness of policy implementation and institutional costs,resulting in insufficient theoretical explanatory power and policy practices trapped in a“cycle of incentive ineffectiveness.”To break this cycle,it is crucial to understand the core mechanisms of incentive-based norms.Unlike the penalty and constraint logic of traditional command and control policy tools,incentive-based norms stimulate market vitality through a“guidance and reward”mechanism.To test their effectiveness,this study,based on provincial panel data from 2017 to 2022,validates the positive impact of the normative framework for application,legal consequence systems,and evaluation normative systems of incentive-based norms on the business environment.The findings indicate that the normative framework for application,consequence systems,and evaluation systems play distinct roles in different domains,and the optimization of the business environment relies on the synergy of these three components.It is recommended to clarify incentive targets,improve the legal consequence systems,and establish effect evaluation mechanisms to optimize the incentive-based normative system,thereby enhancing corporate policy response rates and resource allocation efficiency.
作者
林露峰
丁国民
敖绪高
LIN Lufeng;DING Guomin;AO Xugao(Fuzhou University Law School,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China;Bussiness School,North East Normal University,Changchun 130117,China)
出处
《中国软科学》
北大核心
2025年第10期150-161,共12页
China Soft Science
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“营造市场化、法治化、国际化一流营商环境研究”(23ZDA056)。
关键词
激励性规范
政策工具
营商环境
政策兑现
incentive norms
policy instruments
business environment
policy implementation
