摘要
超疏水隔热涂层可以极大地减少能源消耗,并有效保护基材免受油污、霉菌等污染破坏。然而,传统超疏水隔热涂层由于力学性能差、工艺复杂、导热系数高等缺陷,限制了其在多领域的应用。为此,采用溶胶-凝胶法,以正硅酸乙酯为硅源、埃洛石纳米管(HNTs)为增强相,通过CO_(2)超临界干燥制得HNTs/SiO_(2)球棍网络结合的新型结构复合气凝胶。将复合材料研磨至一定细度后与水性聚氨酯分散液及低表面能物质1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟癸基三乙氧基硅烷均匀混合,喷涂于基材表面,经固化后制备出耐磨型超疏水隔热涂层。利用红外光谱(FT-IR)进行结构表征,扫描电镜(SEM)和接触角测试仪(DCA)分析材料的微观形貌和涂层的润湿性,并对涂层进行耐磨性及隔热性能测试。结果表明:埃洛石纳米管成功接枝改性,HNTs/SiO_(2)复合气凝胶呈现多孔结构,构建出微、纳米多级粗糙结构。当HNTs掺量为25%(质量分数)时,制备的涂层疏水角为160.8°,滚动角为3.1°,导热系数为0.045 W/(m·K),经20次耐磨循环试验后,疏水角度仍有156.3°,可以适用于软硬多种基材。
Superhydrophobic thermal insulation coatings can significantly reduce energy consumption and effectively protect substrates from contamination and damage caused by oil,mold,and other pollutants.However,traditional superhydrophobic thermal insulation coatings are limited in their application across multiple fields due to defects such as poor mechanical properties,complex processing,and high thermal conductivity.To address this,a novel composite aerogel with an HNTs/SiO_(2)ball-stick network structure was prepared using the sol-gel meth-od,with tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS)as the silicon source and halloysite nanotubes(HNTs)as the reinforcing phase,followed by CO_(2)supercritical drying.After grinding the composite material to a specific fineness,it was uniformly mixed with an aqueous polyurethane dispersion and a low-surface-energy substance,1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane.This mixture was sprayed onto the substrate surface,and after curing,a wear-resistant superhydrophobic thermal insulation coating was formed.The structure was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),the microstructure and wettability of the coating were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and contact angle analyzer(DCA),and the coating's wear resistance and thermal insulation properties were tested.Results showed that HNTs were successfully grafted and modified,and the HNTs/SiO_(2)composite aerogel exhibited a porous structure,creating a micro-and nanoscale hierarchical rough structure.When the HNTs content was 25%(mass fraction),the resulting coating had a water contact angle of 160.8°,a rolling angle of 3.1°,and a thermal conductivity of 0.045 W/(mK).After 20 wear cycles,the water contact angle remained at 152.5°,indicating its applicability to various soft and hard substrates.
作者
蒋松涛
李叶青
余松柏
王云摇
JIANG Songtao;LI Yeqing;YU Songbai;WANG Yunyao(Huaxin Cement Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430073,China;Hubei Key Lab of Green Low-Carbon Cement,Wuhan 430073,China)
出处
《材料保护》
2025年第11期147-154,共8页
Materials Protection
关键词
气凝胶
超疏水
涂层
耐磨
隔热
aerogel
superhydrophobic
coating
wear resistant
heat insulation
