摘要
含能材料是武器装备发射、运载、毁伤和控制的主要能源,是实现国防安全战略的重要基石。为满足武器系统对高能、高效、高安全和能量输出精确可控新型含能材料的应用需求,亟需发展兼顾能量性能和安全性能的含能材料新技术,促进武器系统向信息化和智能化方向发展。微纳制造技术是当前各国争相发展的前沿制造技术,在泛半导体、新能源、新材料等领域已取得诸多重要应用。基于国内外相关研究,本文综述了以物理气相沉积技术、化学气相沉积技术、原子层沉积技术、等离子体技术为典型代表的先进微纳制造技术在新型含能材料领域的最新应用研究进展。首先介绍了各种先进微纳制造技术的原理和特点,分析了微纳制造技术在精确控制新型含能材料尺寸、形态、组成和结构方面的技术优势,重点阐述了微纳制造技术在新型含能材料可控制备和表面改性等方面的应用,最后提出了典型微纳制造技术在当前新型含能材料领域应用中面临的挑战以及未来发展方向。
Energetic materials are the primary energy source for the launch, propulsion, damage, and control of weapon systems, and they are crucial for achieving national defense security strategies. To meet the application demands of weapon systems for novel energetic materials characterized by high-energy, high-efficiency, high-safety, and precisely controllable energy output, developing new energetic material technologies that harmonize energy performance with safety becomes imperative. This advancement will promote the evolution of weapon systems towards informatization and intelligence. Micro-nano manufacturing technology, a frontier manufacturing technology that countries are keen to develop, has seen significant applications in fields such as semiconductors, new energy, and new materials. Based on relevant research both domestically and internationally, the article reviews the latest research progress in the application of advanced micro-nano manufacturing technologies, represented by physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, atomic layer deposition, and plasma technology, in the field of novel energetic materials. Initially, the principles and characteristics of various advanced micro-nano manufacturing technologies are introduced. The technical advantages in precisely controlling the size, morphology, composition, and structure of novel energetic materials are analyzed, and the applications in the controlled preparation and surface modification of novel energetic materials are focused on. Finally, the paper discusses the challenges faced by typical micro-nano manufacturing technologies in the current field of novel energetic materials and outlines future development directions.
作者
李琼
秦利军
李丹
胡逸云
冯昊
LI Qiong;QIN Lijun;LI Dan;HU Yiyun;FENG Hao(National Key Laboratory of Energetic Materials,Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi’an 710065,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)
出处
《材料导报》
北大核心
2025年第22期9-21,共13页
Materials Reports
基金
国家自然科学基金(21975200
22005240)。
关键词
含能材料
微机电系统
物理气相沉积
化学气相沉积
原子层沉积
等离子体技术
energetic materials
micro-electro-mechanical system
physical vapor deposition
chemical vapor deposition
atomic layer deposition
plasma technology
