摘要
由松材线虫引起的松树萎蔫病为松属植物的毁灭性病害,也是我国林业上重大病害之一。生物防治以其环保、安全和可持续性等优点,在林业病害防治中逐渐被重视。本研究通过检测一株贝莱斯芽胞杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)P87对松材线虫的毒杀活性,发现其发酵菌悬液和无菌发酵滤液均具有显著杀线活性,在处理48 h时,杀线活性分别为92.4%和88.2%,并显著降低了松材线虫的繁殖系数和新产卵量,分别降低了12.0~274.6倍和18.2~43.8倍。经盆栽试验检测P87对油松苗松材线虫病的防治效果,发现P87注干预处理能显著减轻松材线虫病的症状,防效为93.9%;显著降低了松苗内松材线虫的密度,仅为对照的0.2倍;显著减轻了松针细胞的膜脂过氧化程度,并导致过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶和几丁质酶的活性显著增强。进一步分析P87在注干、喷施和灌根三种施用方式下对油松苗松材线虫病的盆栽防治效果,发现在不同施用方式下,P87预处理均能显著减轻松材线虫病症状,防效均大于60%,并显著降低了油松苗内松材线虫的密度,其中以注干处理的防效最显著,可达96.5%,表明P87对松材线虫病具有显著的预防保护作用,且以注干施用方式防效最佳。本研究为松材线虫病的生物防治提供了重要的生防菌资源,为松材线虫病的高效绿色防控提供了指导依据。
The pine wilt disease(PWD)caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a devastating disease affecting pine species and is one of the major forestry diseases in China.Biological control,due to its environmental friendliness,safety and sustainability,has gradually gained attention in forestry disease management.In this study,the nematocidal activity of the Bacillus velezensis strain P87 against B.xylophilus was assayed.Both the fermentation broth and sterile fermentation filtrate of P87 exhibited significant nematocidal activity,achieving corrected mortality of 92.4%and 88.2%,respectively at 48 h after treatment.The reproduction rate of B.xylophilus was significantly reduced by 12.0-to 274.6-fold under P87 treatment,while the new egg production capacity was reduced by 18.2-to 43.8-fold.Pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the biocontrol efficiency of P87 against PWD in Pinus tabuliformis seedlings.It was found that pretreatment with P87 bacterial suspension via trunk injection significantly alleviated the symptoms of PWD,with a protective effect of 93.9%;meanwhile,the density of B.xylophilus was also dramatically reduced,with a value of just 0.2-fold as that of control group;the membrane lipid peroxidation of pine needle cells was significantly alleviated,while catalase,peroxidase and chitinase activities were significantly increased.Furthermore,the biocontrol efficiency of P87 against PWD under three different application methods,including trunk injection,spraying,and root irrigation were investigated using pot experiments.The results showed that under all these three application methods,pre-treatment with P87 significantly alleviated the symptoms of PWD,with the protective effect exceeding 60%,and it also significantly reduced the density of B.xylophilus in pine seedlings.Among the treatments,trunk injection exhibited the most significant biocontrol efficacy,with a protective effect of up to 96.5%.This indicates that B.velezensis strain P87 has a significant protective effect against PWD,with the injection application method showing optimal control effectiveness.This study provides important biocontrol resources for the management of PWD and offers guidance for effective and environmentally-friendly control of PWD.
作者
孙孟娇
梁超琼
符晓
王婷
何群
唐光辉
李培琴
SUN Mengjiao;LIANG Chaoqiong;FU Xiao;WANG Ting;HE Qun;TANG Guanghui;LI Peiqin(Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Management of Western Forest Bio-Disaster,College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Shaanxi Academy of Forestry Sciences,Xi’an 710082,China)
出处
《植物病理学报》
北大核心
2025年第5期1135-1149,共15页
Acta Phytopathologica Sinica
基金
陕西省林业科技创新专项(SXLK2023-02-40,SXLK2024-0101)
全国大学生科研创新项目(202310712203)。
关键词
松材线虫病
贝莱斯芽胞杆菌
生防效果
防御酶活性
施用方式
pine wilt disease
Bacillus velezensis
biocontrol efficiency
defense enzyme activity
application method
