摘要
苦豆子是西北地区重要的沙生药用植物,具有丰富的内生真菌资源和生物活性。为探讨酿酒葡萄灰霉病的生物防治技术,本研究以灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea)为靶标,从苦豆子植株中分离筛选出4株具有拮抗作用的内生真菌,通过平板对峙法、菌丝生长速率法、平板对扣、光学显微观察和离体果粒接种等试验,初步探讨4株苦豆子内生真菌对酿酒葡萄灰霉病的抑菌机制和防治效果。结果表明,4株苦豆子内生真菌均对葡萄灰霉病菌有明显的抑制作用,其中菌株HG21(Fusarium solani)对葡萄灰霉病菌菌丝的抑制率高达85.19%;菌株HD31(Fusarium oxysporum)发酵滤液浓度为25%时,对灰霉菌菌丝生长的抑制率最高,为42.46%;预先接种菌株BJ35(Alternaria alternata)6 d产生的挥发性物质对葡萄灰霉病菌的抑制效果最好,抑制率可达88.01%。受4株苦豆子内生真菌抑制的影响,灰霉菌菌丝形态表现出膨大肿胀、断裂、干枯和扭曲等明显变化。离体果粒接种试验表明,4株苦豆子内生真菌菌株对离体葡萄果粒的预防保护作用普遍高于治疗杀菌作用,且菌株BD41(Alternaria alternata)的生防效果显著高于哈茨木霉和苯醚甲环唑。综上,4株苦豆子内生真菌均可有效抑制葡萄灰霉病菌。本研究结果为防治酿酒葡萄灰霉病提供了生防材料和理论依据。
Sophora alopecuroides is an important sandy medicinal plant in Northwest China,with rich endophytic fungal resources and biological activity.In order to explore the application of biological control technology in controlling the Botrytis cinerea of wine grapes,B.cinerea was used as the target to isolate and screen 4 strains of endophytic fungi with antagonistic effects from S.alopecuroides.Through the plate standoff method,the mycelial growth rate method,the two-sealed-base-plates method,optical microscopy observation,and the vitro grape berry experiment to explore the antibacterial mechanism and control effect of 4 strains of endophytic fungi from S.alopecuroide against B.cinerea.The results showed that all 4 strains of endophytic fungi from S.alopecuroide had significant inhibitory effects on B.cinerea.It was determined that the inhibitory rate of strain HG21(Fusarium solani)on the hyphae of B.cinerea was as high as 85.19%.When the concentration of the fermentation filtrate of strain HD31(Fusarium oxysporum)was 25%,and the inhibition rate of mycelial growth of B.cinerea was the highest at 42.46%.The volatile substances were produced after 6 days of pre-inoculation with strain BJ35(Alternaria alternata),and exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of B.cinerea with an inhibition rate of up to 88.01%.As affected by the inhibition of 4 strains of endophytic fungi from S.alopecuroides,the mycelial morphology of B.cinerea showed significant changes,such as swelling,breakage,desiccation,and twisting.Lastly,the vitro grape berry results demonstrated that the preventive and protective effects of 4 strains of endophytic fungi from S.alopecuroides in vitro grape berry were generally higher than their therapeutic and bactericidal effects.Moreover,the biocontrol effect of strain BD41(Alternaria alternata)was significantly higher than that of Trichoderma harzianum and difenoconazole.The findings suggest that the 4 strains of endophytic fungi from S.alopecuroides can effectively inhibit B.cinerea,which has provided biocontrol materials and theoretical references for the B.cinerea of wine grapes.
作者
王一冬
文云
鞠明岫
王若彤
顾沛雯
WANG Yidong;WEN Yun;JU Mingxiu;WANG Ruotong;GU Peiwen(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021;Ningxia Helan Mountain East Wine Industry Park Management Committee,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750001;School of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100)
出处
《核农学报》
北大核心
2025年第8期1829-1839,共11页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2023BCF01026)。
关键词
苦豆子内生真菌
葡萄灰霉病菌
抑菌活性
生防效果
Sophora alopecuroide endophytic fungi
Botrytis cinerea
antagonism
biological control
