摘要
为提升特种设备安全治理水平,运用社会生态韧性的治理范式,基于文献综述、模式解析、体系结构解析与概念阐述法,探究特种设备全生命周期安全韧性治理模式。首先,建立并解析基于全生命周期的安全治理模式与基于系统韧性的安全治理模式,形成韧性主导的特种设备安全治理模式(RL-SES-GM);其次,建立特种设备安全治理"人员-设备-管理"(SES-PEM)直接要素体系与特种设备安全治理"缓解-恢复-学习-应对"(SES-MRLC)间接要素体系,并解析体系结构,据此界定全生命周期系统韧性视角下的风险;最后,构建“安全软科学+硬件装备”的二维治理范式结构、“风险分级管控+隐患排查治理+安全韧性”的三重预控机制结构以及“数据+知识”双驱动的二维技术结构。结果表明:二维治理范式结构、三重预控机制结构及二维技术结构共同为风险防控政策的制定与优化提供范式支撑;所构建的SES-PEM与SES-MRLC为安全治理的定量研究与决策效率提升奠定要素基础;全生命周期RL-SES-GM有效驱动特种设备安全治理范式变革,基于全生命周期与系统韧性耦合机制的治理模式应在不同周期针对性提升“缓解度、恢复度、学习度及应对度”。
To enhance the safety governance level of special equipment,based on the governance paradigm of socio-ecological resilience,and through literature review,pattern construction,structural analysis,and conceptual elaboration,the safety resilience governance mode of the whole life cycle of special equipment was explored.Firstly,the safety governance mode based on the whole life cycle and the safety governance mode based on system resilience were established and analyzed,and the resilience-led special equipment safety governance mode(RL-SES-GM)was constructed.Secondly,direct element system of SES-personnel equipment management(SES-PEM)and indirect element system of SES-mitigating recovery learning coping(SES-MRLC)were established,and the structure of these systems was analyzed.Based on this,the risks from the perspective of system resilience throughout the whole life cycle were defined.Finally,a two-dimensional governance paradigm structure of"safety soft science+hardware equipment",a triple pre-control mechanism structure of"risk grading control+hidden danger investigation and management+safety resilience",and a two-dimensional technology structure driven by"data+knowledge"were constructed.The results show that the established two-dimensional governance paradigm structure,the triple pre-control mechanism structure,and the two-dimensional technical structure in this paper provide a paradigmatic support for the formulation and optimization of risk prevention and control policies.SES-PEM and SES-MRLC of safety&security governance lay the foundation for quantitative research and decision-making efficiency in safety&security governance.The whole life cycle RL-SES-GM effectively drive the paradigm transformation of special equipment safety governance.The governance mode under the coupling mechanism of whole life cycle and system resilience should targetedly improve the"mitigating ability,recovery ability,learning ability,and coping ability"in different periods.
作者
任崇宝
王成竹
蓝麒
郝素利
崔健峰
REN Chongbao;WANG Chengzhu;LAN Qi;HAO Suli;CUI Jianfeng(China Special Equipment Inspection&Research Institute,Beijing 100029,China;School of Management,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Information Science and Technology,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)
出处
《中国安全科学学报》
北大核心
2025年第9期8-19,共12页
China Safety Science Journal
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF0607401)
北京市自然科学基金资助(9252014)。
关键词
特种设备
安全治理
全生命周期
系统韧性
要素体系
special equipment
safety governance
whole life cycle
system resilience
element system
