摘要
综述了透明尼龙的分类和性能,以及其合成方法与应用研究进展。根据分子链结构的不同,透明尼龙分为脂肪族透明尼龙和芳香族透明尼龙。透明尼龙主要通过引入空间位阻大、结构不对称的共聚单体,如长碳链结构、脂肪环结构、芳香环结构单体,使聚合物形成微晶或呈无定形态,从而实现高透明度。透明尼龙的聚合工艺主要包括溶液聚合和熔融聚合两种,其中二步熔融聚合是目前的主流工艺。透明尼龙在光学器件与眼镜、家居用品、医疗器械及高端包装等领域展现出广阔的应用前景。未来透明尼龙的研究方向是绿色原料的开发、多功能结构的设计和高端应用场景的拓展。
The classification,properties,and synthesis technologies and application research progress of transparent nylons were reviewed.According to differences in molecular chain structures,transparent nylons can be divided into aliphatic transparent nylons and aromatic transparent nylons.Transparent nylons are mainly synthesized by incorporating bulky and structurally asymmetric comonomers,such as long-chain,alicyclic,or aromatic ring monomers,which force the polymers to form microcrystalline or amorphous states,thereby achieving high transparency.The polymerization processes of transparent nylons primarily include solution polymerization and melt polymerization,among which two-step melt polymerization has become the mainstream technology.Transparent nylons exhibit broad application prospects in optical devices and eyewear,household products,medical instruments,and high-end packaging.The future research directions are expected to focus on the development of green raw materials,multifunctional structural design,and the expansion of high-end application scenarios.
作者
罗隆毅
李建林
王文志
LUO Longyi;LI Jianlin;WANG Wenzhi(School of Packaging and Materials Engineering,Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou 412007)
出处
《合成纤维工业》
2025年第5期79-84,共6页
China Synthetic Fiber Industry
关键词
透明尼龙
脂环结构
芳香环结构
合成
性能
应用
transparent nylon
alicyclic structure
aromatic ring structure
synthesis
properties
application
