摘要
为筛选出安全高效棉田茎叶除草剂,采用苗后茎叶定向喷雾法开展了8种除草剂对棉田杂草的防除效果及其对棉花安全性试验。试验结果表明38%莠去津SC 855 g a.i./hm^(2)、80%莠灭净WP 1800 g a.i./hm^(2)和480 g/L氯氟吡氧乙酸EC 288 g a.i./hm^(2)对棉花有不可逆药害,安全性差;药后21 d,51%丙炔氟草胺WG 60 g a.i./hm^(2)、38%莠去津SC 855 g a.i./hm^(2)、24%乙氧氟草醚EC 180 g a.i./hm^(2)、50%扑草净WP 1050 g a.i./hm^(2)、80%莠灭净WP 1800 g a.i./hm^(2)、480 g/L氯氟吡氧乙酸EC 288 g a.i./hm^(2)和80%敌草隆WG 1200 g a.i./hm^(2)对棉田杂草的总鲜重防效分别为97.89%、95.79%、92.30%、90.90%、89.31%、89.09%和86.30%,均极显著高于480 g/L灭草松AS 1296 g a.i./hm^(2)。棉花性状分析显示24%乙氧氟草醚EC 180 g a.i./hm^(2)、51%丙炔氟草胺WG 60 g a.i./hm^(2)、480 g/L灭草松AS 1296 g a.i./hm^(2)和80%敌草隆WG 1200 g a.i./hm^(2)可显著提高了冈棉11号皮棉产量,而38%莠去津SC 855 g a.i./hm^(2)、80%莠灭净WP 1800 g a.i./hm^(2)和480 g/L灭草松AS 1296 g a.i./hm^(2)显著降低了冈棉11号株高,其他药剂处理与清水间没有显著性差异,各药剂处理与清水对照相比果枝数均没有显著性差异,对棉花纤维品质除80%莠灭净WP 1800 g a.i./hm^(2)外其他药剂与清水间均没有显著性差异。建议推荐51%丙炔氟草胺WG 60 g a.i./hm^(2)和24%乙氧氟草醚EC 180 g a.i./hm^(2)用于棉田茎叶定向喷雾除草。
To screen for safe and efficient foliar herbicides for cotton fields,a post-emergence directed spray trial was conducted to evaluate the weed control efficacy of eight herbicides and their effects on cotton safety.The results showed that atrazine 38%SC(855 g a.i./hm^(2)),ametryn 80%WP(1800 g a.i./hm^(2)),and fluroxypyr 480 g/L EC(288 g a.i./hm^(2))caused irreversible phytotoxicity to cotton with poor safety.At 21 days after treatment,the overall fresh weight control efficacies of flumioxazin 51%WG(60 g a.i./hm^(2)),atrazine 38%SC(855 g a.i./hm^(2)),oxyfluorfen 24%EC(180 g a.i./hm^(2)),prometryn 50%WP(1050 g a.i./hm^(2)),ametryn 80%WP(1800 g a.i./hm^(2)),fluroxypyr 480 g/L EC(288 g a.i./hm^(2)),and diuron 80%WG(1200 g a.i./hm^(2))against weeds in cotton fields were 97.89%,95.79%,92.30%,90.90%,89.31%,89.09%,and 86.30%,respectively,all significantly higher than that of bentazone 480 g/L AS(1296 g a.i./hm^(2)).Analysis of cotton traits indicated that oxyfluorfen 24%EC(180 g a.i./hm^(2)),flumioxazin 51%WG(60 g a.i./hm^(2)),bentazone 480 g/L AS(1296 g a.i./hm^(2)),and diuron 80%WG(1200 g a.i./hm^(2))significantly increased the lint yield of Gangmian 11,while atrazine 38%SC(855 g a.i./hm^(2)),ametryn 80%WP(1800 g a.i./hm^(2)),and bentazone 480 g/L AS(1296 g a.i./hm^(2))significantly reduced plant height of Gangmian 11.No significant differences were observed between other herbicide treatments and the water control in terms of plant height.All herbicide treatments showed no significant differences in the number of fruiting branches compared to the water control.For cotton fiber quality,no significant differences were found between other herbicides and the water control,except for ametryn 80%WP(1800 g a.i./hm^(2)).It is recommended to use flumioxazin 51%WG(60 g a.i./hm^(2))and oxyfluorfen 24%EC(180 g a.i./hm^(2))for directed post-emergence weed control in cotton fields.
作者
张华崇
闫振华
赵树琪
戴宝生
黄晓莉
张欣
李蔚
ZHANG Huachong;YAN Zhenhua;ZHAO Shuqi;DAI Baosheng;HUANG Xiaoli;ZHANG Xin;LI Wei(Huanggang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Huanggang 438000,Hubei,China)
出处
《世界农药》
2025年第9期29-34,51,共7页
World Pesticide
基金
湖北省棉花科技支撑项目
国家棉花产业技术体系专项资金资助项目(CARS-15-36)
湖北省农业科技创新中心资助项目(2024-620-000-001-006)。
关键词
茎叶除草剂
棉田
杂草防效
安全性
post-emergence herbicide
cotton field
weed control efficacy
safety
