摘要
本试验旨在探讨黑水虻幼虫粉替代鱼粉对大口黑鲈生长性能、血清生化指标及肠道菌群的影响。选择300尾平均体质量为(72.67±0.27)g的大口黑鲈幼鱼,随机分为4个组,每组3个重复,每个重复25尾。各组分别饲喂以黑水虻幼虫粉替代基础饲料中0(FM组)、15%(BSFL15组)、30%(BSFL30组)和45%(BSFL45组)鱼粉的试验饲料。试验期56 d。结果表明:1)BSFL30组的饲料系数显著高于FM组(P<0.05)。BSFL15组和BSFL30组的肥满度显著低于FM组(P<0.05)。2)BSFL30组和BSFL45组的血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于FM组(P<0.05)。BSFL15组和BSFL30组的血清过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著高于FM组(P<0.05)。BSFL45组的血清酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性显著高于FM组(P<0.05)。BSFL45组的血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量显著低于FM组(P<0.05)。BSFL30组的血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量显著低于FM组(P<0.05)。3)与FM组相比,在门水平上,BSFL15组、BSFL30组和BSFL45组的肠道内厚壁菌门相对丰度升高,梭杆菌门相对丰度降低;在属水平上,BSFL15组、BSFL30组和BSFL45组的肠道内支原体属相对丰度升高,鲸杆菌属相对丰度降低。综上所述,饲料中使用黑水虻幼虫粉替代15%~45%的鱼粉,对大口黑鲈的生长性能有潜在的负面影响,同时会影响血清生化指标及肠道菌群结构。在本试验条件下,建议饲料中黑水虻幼虫粉替代鱼粉的比例不超过15%。
This experiment aimed to explore the effects of fishmeal replacement with black soldier fly larvae meal on growth performance,serum biochemical indices and gut microflora of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides).A total of 300 juvenile largemouth bass with average body weight of(72.67±0.27)g were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 25 fish per replicate.Fish in 4 groups were fed experimental diets which 0(FM group),15%(BSFL15 group),30%(BSFL30 group)and 45%(BSFL45 group)fish meal were replaced by black soldier fly larvae meal in the basal diet,respectively.The experiment lasted for 56 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)the feed conversion ratio of BSFL30 group was significantly higher than that of FM group(P<0.05).The condition factor of BSFL30 group and BSFL45 group was significantly lower than that of FM group(P<0.05).3)The serum total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)of BSFL30 group and BSFL45 group was significantly higher than that of FM group(P<0.05).The serum catalase(CAT)activity of BSFL15 group and BSFL30 group was significantly higher than that of FM group(P<0.05).The serum acid phosphatase(ACP)activity of BSFL45 group was significantly higher than that of FM group(P<0.05).The serum glucose(GLU)content of BSFL45 group was significantly lower than that of FM group(P<0.05).The contents of total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in serum of BSFL30 group were significantly lower than those of FM group(P<0.05).3)Compared with FM group,at the phylum level,the gut Firmicutes relative abundance of BSFL15 group,BSFL30 group and BSFL45 group was increased,while the Fusobacteriota relative abundance was decreased;at the genus level,the gut Mycoplasma relative abundance of BSFL15 group,BSFL30 group and BSFL45 group was increased,while the Cetobacterium relative abundance was decreased.In conclusion,replacing 15%to 45%of fish meal with black soldier fly larvae meal in diet has a potential negative impact on the growth performance of largemouth bass,and affects the serum biochemical indices and gut microbiota structure.Under these experimental conditions,it is recommended that the proportion of black soldier fly larvae meal replacing fish meal in diet for largemouth bass should not exceed 15%.
作者
舒昊明
艾春香
洪翊棻
吴业阳
胡彦茹
崔春辉
何小刚
SHU Haoming;AI Chunxiang;HONG Yifen;WU Yeyang;HU Yanru;CUI Chunhui;HE Xiaogang(Anyou Biotechnology Group Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 215437,China;College of Ocean and Earth Sciences,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361100,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2025年第9期6122-6135,共14页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
关键词
大口黑鲈
黑水虻幼虫粉
生长性能
生化指标
肠道菌群
largemouth bass
black soldier fly larvae meal
growth performance
biochemical indices
gut microflora
