摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮可溶性纤维(SF)水平对28~70日龄肉鹅生长性能、血清指标及肠道发育的影响。选择体重相近、健康的28日龄武冈铜鹅300只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只(公母各占1/2)。各组饲粮SF水平分别为10.05%(对照)、10.53%、11.00%、11.49%、11.95%。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)饲粮SF水平对28~70日龄肉鹅的平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)、料重比(F/G)和翻翅率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)饲粮SF水平对70日龄肉鹅的血清抗氧化指标有显著影响(P<0.05)。10.05%SF组血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著低于其他各组(P<0.05);11.49%SF组血清过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著高于10.05%SF组、10.53%SF组和11.00%SF组(P<0.05);11.00%SF组、11.49%SF组和11.95%SF组血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著高于10.05%SF组和10.53%SF组(P<0.05);11.49%SF组血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。饲粮SF水平与70日龄肉鹅性别对血清抗氧化指标无显著交互效应(P>0.05)。3)饲粮SF水平对血清总蛋白(TP)含量有显著影响(P<0.05),其中11.95%SF组血清TP含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.05);但对其他血清生化指标无显著影响(P>0.05)。饲粮SF水平与70日龄肉鹅性别对血清生化指标无显著交互效应(P>0.05)。4)饲粮SF水平对肉鹅各肠段相对长度和相对重量无显著影响(P>0.05)。不同性别肉鹅的十二指肠、空肠、回肠相对长度和空肠、回肠相对重量均有显著差异(P<0.05),均为母鹅显著大于公鹅(P<0.05)。饲粮SF水平与70日龄肉鹅性别对空肠相对长度有显著交互效应(P<0.05),但对其他肠段相对长度和相对重量无显著交互效应(P>0.05)。5)饲粮SF水平对肉鹅空肠和回肠形态有显著影响(P<0.05)。10.53%SF组、11.00%SF组和11.49%SF组空肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)显著高于10.05%SF组和11.95%SF组(P<0.05),且11.49%SF组空肠隐窝深度显著低于10.05%SF组、10.53%SF组和11.00%SF组(P<0.05);11.49%SF组和11.95%SF组回肠绒毛高度和V/C显著高于10.05%SF组和10.53%SF组(P<0.05),且回肠隐窝深度显著低于10.05%SF组和10.53%SF组(P<0.05)。不同性别肉鹅回肠隐窝深度和V/C有显著差异(P<0.05),母鹅回肠隐窝深度显著高于公鹅(P<0.05),但V/C显著低于公鹅(P<0.05)。饲粮SF水平与70日龄肉鹅性别对空肠绒毛高度和V/C以及回肠绒毛高度有显著交互效应(P<0.05),对其他形态指标无显著交互效应(P>0.05)。6)饲粮SF水平对70日龄肉鹅盲肠食糜中丙酸含量有显著影响(P<0.05),10.05%SF组盲肠食糜中丙酸含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。饲粮SF水平与70日龄肉鹅性别对盲肠食糜挥发性脂肪酸含量无显著交互效应(P>0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加11.49%SF可显著提高70日龄武冈铜鹅机体抗氧化性能,对肠道健康发育有积极影响,同时对其生长性能无不良影响。因此,本研究推荐28~70日龄武冈铜鹅饲粮SF的适应添加水平为11.49%。
The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary soluble fiber(SF)level on growth performance,serum indexes and intestinal development of 28 to 70 day-old-geese.A total of 300 healthy 28-day-old Wugang Tong geese with similar weight were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 10 geese(male and female each account for 1/2)in each replicate.The dietary SF levels in each group were 10.05%(control),10.53%,11.00%,11.49%and 11.95%,respectively.The trial period was 42 days.The results showed as follows:1)the dietary SF level had no significant effect on the average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),feed-to-weight ratio(F/G)and wing inversion rate of 28 to 70-day-old geese(P>0.05).2)The dietary SF level had a significant effect on serum antioxidant indexes of 70-day-old geese(P<0.05).The serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content in 10.05%SF group was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05),and the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)was significantly lower than that in other groups(P<0.05).The activity of catalase(CAT)in serum in 11.49%SF group was significantly higher than that in 10.05%SF,10.53%SF and 11.00%SF groups(P<0.05).The serum total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity in 11.00%SF,11.49%SF and 11.95%SF groups was significantly higher than that in 10.05%SF and 10.53%SF groups(P<0.05).Serum glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity in 11.49%SF group was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05).There was no significant interaction effect between the dietary SF level and the gender of 70-day-old meat geese on the serum antioxidant indexes(P>0.05).3)The level of SF had a significant effect on the serum total protein(TP)content(P<0.05).Compared with the 10.05%SF group,the serum TP content in the 11.95%SF group decreased significantly(P<0.05),however,it had no significant effect on other serum biochemical indexes(P>0.05).There was no significant interaction effect between the dietary SF level and the gender of 70-day-old geese on serum biochemical indexes(P>0.05).4)Dietary SF level had no significant effect on the relative length and weight of each intestinal segment of goose(P>0.05).There were significant differences in the relative length of duodenum,jejunum and ileum and the relative weight of jejunum and ileum between male and female geese(P<0.05),and the female goose was significantly larger than the male geese(P<0.05).There was a significant interaction effect between dietary SF level and gender of 70-day-old geese on the relative length of jejunum(P<0.05),but there was no significant interaction effect on the relative length and weight of other intestinal segments(P>0.05).5)Dietary SF level had significant effects on jejunum and ileum morphology of geese(P<0.05).The jejunal villus height and villus height/crypt depth(V/C)in 10.53%SF,11.00%SF and 11.49%SF groups were significantly higher than those in 10.05%SF and 11.95%SF groups(P<0.05).The jejunal crypt depth in 11.49%SF group was significantly lower than that in 10.05%SF,10.53%SF and 11.00%SF groups(P<0.05).The height and V/C of ileal villus in 11.49%SF and 11.95%SF groups were significantly higher than those in 10.05%SF and 10.53%SF groups(P<0.05),and the depth of ileal crypt in 11.49%SF and 11.95%SF groups was significantly lower than that in 10.05%SF and 10.53%SF groups(P<0.05).There were significant differences in ileal crypt depth and V/C between male and female geese(P<0.05).The depth of ileal crypt in female geese was significantly higher than that in male geese(P<0.05),but V/C was significantly lower than that in male geese(P<0.05).There was a significant interaction effect between dietary SF level and gender of 70-day-old geese on jejunum villus height and V/C,and ileum villus height(P<0.05),but there was no significant interaction effect on other morphological parameters(P>0.05).6)Dietary SF level had a significant effect on propionic acid content in cecal chyme of 70-day-old geese(P<0.05),and the content of propionic acid in 10.05%SF group was significantly lower than that in other groups(P<0.05).There was no significant interaction effect between dietary SF level and gender of 70-day-old geese on cecal digesta volatile fatty acid content(P>0.05).In conclusion,dietary SF supplemented with 11.49%can significantly improve the antioxidant performance of 70-day-old Wugang Tong geese and has a positive effect on the healthy development of intestinal tract without adverse effects on growth performance.Therefore,in this study,11.49%of dietary SF is recommended as an adaptive addition level for Wugang Tong geese aged 28 to 70 days.
作者
张璐瑶
黄璇
许丽蓉
李闯
邓萍
刘洋
戴求仲
张旭
蒋桂韬
ZHANG Luyao;HUANG Xuan;XU Lirong;LI Chuang;DENG Ping;LIU Yang;DAI Qiuzhong;ZHANG Xu;JIANG Guitao(Hunan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Changsha 410131,China;Yuelu Mountain Laboratory,Changsha 410128,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
北大核心
2025年第9期5944-5955,共12页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
湖南省重点研发计划项目(2022NK2022)
湖南省家禽产业技术体系项目。
关键词
肉鹅
可溶性纤维
生长性能
血清指标
肠道发育
goose
soluble fiber
growth performance
serum index
intestinal development
