摘要
含锡二次资源类型丰富,包括锡尾矿、锡中矿、锡渣、锡合金废料、锡阳极泥及含锡电子废弃物等。由于其物质组成复杂,锡含量差异较大,导致相应的分离回收工艺复杂多样。本文系统梳理了我国锡资源的储量、产量与消费现状,并综述了不同类型含锡二次资源的分离回收技术及短流程、高值化利用的研究进展。首先,分析了低品位、高杂质含锡二次资源的富集提取技术与研究动态;其次,阐述了中高品位含锡二次资源在湿法、火法及其联合工艺中实现高选择性分离回收再生锡的研究现状;然后,评述了含锡废料增值加工制备锡酸钠、纳米二氧化锡等功能材料的最新进展;最后,总结了当前含锡二次资源回收利用所面临的技术难题与发展机遇,并对未来高效回收与高值化利用的研究方向进行了展望,以期为相关研究和产业应用提供参考。
Tin-bearing secondary resources are abundant,which include tin tailings,tin-bearing midding,tin slag,tin alloy waste,tin anode sludge,and tin-bearing electronic waste.Owing to their complex material composition and highly variable tin content,the corresponding separation and recovery processes are consequently diverse and complex.In this paper,the current situation of the reserves,production and consumption of tin resources in China were systematically sorted out,and an in-depth review of the separation and recovery technology of different types of tin-bearing secondary resources as well as the progress of research on the short-flow and high-value utilization of these resources were given.Firstly,the enrichment and extraction technologies and research dynamics of low-grade and high-impurity tin-containing secondary resources were analyzed.Secondly,the current research status of medium-and high-grade tin-containing secondary resources to realize highly selective separation and recovery of recycled tin in wet and fire and its combined process was described.Then,the latest progress in the value-added processing of tin wastes to prepare functional materials such as sodium stannate and nano-tin dioxide was reviewed.Finally,the technical difficulties and development opportunities facing the current recycling of tin-bearing secondary resources were summarized,and the future research direction of efficient recycling and high-value-added utilization were envisioned,which can provide references for related research and industrial applications.
作者
郭起杰
苏子键
李秋雨
何明强
张元波
GUO Qijie;SU Zijian;LI Qiuyu;HE Mingqiang;ZHANG Yuanbo(School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)
出处
《中南大学学报(自然科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第8期3242-3256,共15页
Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(72088101,51904353)
湖南省科技创新计划项目(2023RC1025,2024RC3022)。
关键词
含锡二次资源
高效分离回收
高值化利用
tin-bearing secondary resources
efficient separation and recovery
high-value utilization
