摘要
揭示广西北部湾海域中污染物降解基因多样性与时空分布特征,为区域海洋生态保护提供科学依据。2022年10月(雨季)和2023年1月(旱季)对广西北部湾海洋40个站点的海水表层样本进行了系统采集和分析测定,基于宏基因组测序技术,分析了不同季节(旱季与雨季)、不同空间位置(岛屿、海湾与近海)水样中污染物相关降解基因的组成、丰度与分布差异。结果显示,样本中共检测到POPs降解相关基因62种,可降解化合物20种;其中雨季样本丰富度高于旱季,旱季基因相对丰度高于雨季。空间上,岛屿样本多样性最高。POPs降解基因中以滴滴涕降解基因为主导,相对丰度为33.06%。塑料降解方面,检测到27种降解塑料相关基因,塑料降解酶33种,旱季样本多样性和丰富度高于雨季,旱季基因相对丰度高于雨季。空间上,岛屿样本多样性高于近海与海湾。天然塑料降解基因相对丰度高达89.19%,3-羟基戊酸脱氢酶基因在塑料降解酶基因中占据优势(73.43%)。研究表明广西北部湾海域具有较强的POPs与塑料降解潜力,为功能基因挖掘与区域生态保护提供了重要参考。
The Beibu Gulf waters in Guangxi are vital fishing grounds in China and the region most heavily impacted by human activities.Persistent organic pollutants(POPs)and plastics have emerged as severe environmental challenges for Guangxi's marine ecosystem.In this study,we explored the diversity and spatio-temporal distribution of pollutant degradation genes in the waters of the Beibu Gulf of Guangxi,aiming to provide a scientific basis for protecting marine ecology in the region.In October 2022(wet season)and January 2023(dry season),surface seawater samples were systematically collected at 40 stations in the Beibu Gulf,and the composition,abundance and distribution of pollutant-related degrada-tion genes in water samples for different seasons(dry and wet)and spatial locations(island,bay and coast)were analyzed based on metagenomic sequencing technology.A total of 62 POPs degradation-relat-ed genes and 20 degradable compounds were detected in the samples.Among them,the abundance of samples was higher in the wet season than in the dry season,and the relative abundance of the genes was higher in the dry season than in the wet season.Spatially,the highest diversity was found in the island samples.The degradation genes of POPs were dominated by DDT degradation genes,with a relative abun-dance of 33.06%.In terms of plastic degradation,a total of 27 plastic-degrading genes and 33 plastic-de-grading enzymes were detected,and the diversity and abundance of samples were higher in the dry season than in the wet season,and the relative abundance of genes was higher in the dry season than in the wet season.Spatially,the diversity of island samples was higher than that of coastal and bay samples.The rela-tive abundance of natural plastic degradation genes was as high as 89.19%,and 3HV dehydrogenase genes dominated among plastic degradation enzyme genes(73.43%).Environmental factors play a key role in regulating the abundance of pollutant-degradation genes.Dissolved oxygen and nutrients positive-ly correlated with pollutant-degradation gene abundance,while salinity and water depth showed negative correlations with genes associated with pollutant degradation.The study indicates that the Beibu Gulf has strong potential for degrading POPs and plastics and provides a crucial reference for functional gene ex-ploration and regional ecological conservation.
作者
方诗韵
甘利红
何雨寒
龚辰
黎嘉宁
周磊
FANG Shiyun;GAN Lihong;HE Yuhan;GONG Chen;LI Jianing;ZHOU Lei(College ofMarineScience,South ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Guangzhou 510642,P.R.China)
出处
《水生态学杂志》
北大核心
2025年第5期152-162,共11页
Journal of Hydroecology
基金
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2023A1515011586)。
