摘要
微/纳米塑料(micro/nano plastics,MNPs)是备受关注的新兴污染物,其对生物体直接或间接的负面影响已有大量研究。其中,MNPs对水生生物的毒性效应,尤其是对全球重要的经济类物种——甲壳类动物存在诸多不利影响,例如存活率降低、生长发育受阻、氧化应激和免疫反应等,从而导致机体组织损伤和细胞毒性反应。MNPs因具有较大的比表面积,往往能作为载体与环境中包括有机污染物(organic pollutants)等在内的毒性物质共同作用于机体,产生复合毒性。本文综述了甲壳类动物体内MNPs和有机污染物的积累情况,系统地阐述了MNPs单独暴露,以及与有机污染物复合暴露对甲壳类动物产生的一系列毒性作用,包括发育毒性、氧化应激、免疫反应、组织损伤和肠道菌群等;此外,还归纳了MNPs与有机污染物复合暴露对甲壳类动物的毒性作用机制。目前,MNPs与有机污染物的复合污染效应难以预测和评估,大多数研究表明两者复合会产生协同或拮抗毒性效应,从而影响甲壳类动物的生理功能和代谢过程,但它们的复合毒性机制尚不完全明确,未来应继续探索MNPs与有机污染物的复合毒性效应及相互作用机制。同时,本综述也为MNPs与有机污染物的复合毒性研究提出展望,为评价MNPs与有机污染物对甲壳类动物的生态风险及其对人类构成的健康风险提供科学参考。
Micro/nanoplastics(MNPs)are emerging pollutants of widespread concern,and their direct and indirect adverse effects on organisms have been extensively studied.Among them,the toxic effects of MNPs on aquatic organisms,especially on the important economic species-crustaceans have been reported.MNPs could cause reduced survival rates,impaired growth and development,and induced oxidative stress and immune responses,leading to tissue damage and cytotoxic reactions in crustaceans.Due to their large specific surface area,MNPs can act as carriers for toxic organic pollutants,resulting in compound toxicity.This review synthesizes the accumulation of MNPs and organic pollutants in crustaceans organisms,and systematically elucidates the toxic effects of MNPs on crustacean,including developmental toxicity,oxidative stress,immunotoxicity,histopathology,and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis.Moreover,the review also highlights the mechanisms of the combined toxic effects of MNPs and organic pollutants on crustaceans.At present,it is difficult to predict and evaluate the combined pollution effects of MNPs and organic pollutants.Most studies indicate that the combination of pollutants may induce synergistic or antagonistic toxic effects,affecting the physiological functions and metabolic processes of crustaceans.However,the mechanisms of combined toxicity are not completely understood.Hence,the combined toxic effects and interactions between MNPs and organic pollutants should continue to explore in the future.Finally,reasonable prospects for the research directions of the combined effects of MNPs and organic pollutants are proposed,and scientific references are provided for evaluating the ecological and health risks of MNPs and organic pollutants to crustaceans and humans.
作者
符开霞
张莹莹
杨驰
李二超
谢嘉
FU Kaixia;ZHANG Yingying;YANG Chi;LI Er-chao;XIE Jia(School of Marine Biology and Fisheries,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;School of Life Sciences,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)
出处
《生态毒理学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期397-411,共15页
Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology
基金
海南省重点研发专项(ZDYF2023SHFZ098)
2019年海南省基础与应用基础研究计划(自然科学领域)高层次人才项目(2019RC152)。
关键词
微/纳米塑料
有机污染物
甲壳类
复合毒性
micro/nanoplastics
organic pollutants
crustaceans
combined toxicity
