摘要
本研究基于全生命周期评价(LCA)方法,结合排放因子法,量化对比了五种典型建筑用有机保温材料(EPS板、XPS板、硬质聚氨酯板、聚乙烯板和酚醛板)的碳排放。系统边界涵盖"从摇篮到坟墓"四个阶段(生产运输、施工建造、运行维护及拆除处置),以1m^(3)材料为功能单位。研究结果表明:1)碳排放排序为酚醛板(210.31kgCO_(2)/m^(3))<聚乙烯板(269.17kgCO_(2)/m^(3))<EPS板(280.12kgCO_(2)/m^(3))<XPS板(314.90kgCO_(2)/m^(3))<硬质聚氨酯板(317.10kgCO_(2)e/m^(3));2)碳排放结构以生产运输阶段为主导(占比>87%),其中原材料制备是关键驱动因素(贡献率>80%),苯乙烯类材料(EPS/XPS)及聚氨酯原料(异氰酸酯/聚醚多元醇)是主要碳源;3)能耗特征显示EPS板依赖燃煤(能耗碳排放占比15%),其余材料以电力为主;4)空间尺度分析表明省级电力碳排放因子差异对材料碳足迹影响有限,但不改变总体排序。本研究为低碳建材优选及区域化生产策略提供了数据支撑,建议通过优化原料供应链、推动清洁能源替代及区域协同降碳实现行业减排。
This study quantitatively compared the carbon emissions of five typical organic insulation materials(EPS board,XPS board,rigid polyurethane board,polyethylene board,and phenolic board)used in buildings based on the life cycle assessment(LCA)method and combined with the emission factor method.The system boundary covers four stages from cradle to grave(production transportation,construction,operation and maintenance,and demolition disposal),with 1m^(3)of material as the functional unit.The research results indicate that:(1)the carbon emission ranking is as follows:phenolic board(210.31kgCO_(2)/m^(3))<polyethylene board(269.17kgCO_(2)/m^(3))<EPS board(280.12kgkgCO_(2)/m^(3))<XPS board(314.90kgCO_(2)/m^(3))<rigid polyurethane board(317.10kgCOkgCO_(2)/m^(3));(2)The carbon emission structure is dominated by the production and transportation stage(accounting for>87%),with raw material preparation being the key driving factor(contributing>80%).Styrene based materials(EPS/XPS)and polyurethane raw materials(isocyanates/polyether polyols)are the main carbon sources;(3)The energy consumption characteristics show that EPS boards rely on coal(accounting for 15%of energy consumption carbon emissions),while the rest of the materials are mainly electricity(4).Spatial scale analysis shows that differences in provincial electricity carbon emission factors have limited impact on material carbon footprint,but do not change the overall ranking.This study provides data support for the optimization of low-carbon building materials and regional production strategies.It is recommended to achieve industry emissions reduction by optimizing raw material supply chains,promoting clean energy substitution,and regional collaborative carbon reduction.
作者
林佐江
安洋
周予启
LIN Zuojiang;AN Yang;ZHOU Yuqi(China Construction First Group Construction&Development Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100102;Department of Civil Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084)
出处
《中国建材科技》
2025年第4期86-91,共6页
China Building Materials Science & Technology
关键词
有机保温材料
碳排放
全生命周期评价
organic insulation materials
carbon emissions
whole life cycle assessment
