摘要
试验旨在探究稻虾共作模式下发酵饲料对克氏原螯虾生长性能、组织结构和肠道菌群的影响。选用800只健康、大小相近的克氏原螯虾,随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复100只。对照组投喂商品颗粒饲料,试验组饲喂生物发酵饲料。预试期7 d,正式试验期60 d。结果显示,试验组克氏原螯虾末重、增重率、特定生长率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),饲料系数显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组雌虾的末重、末均体长、肥满度、螯体比均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),腹部含肉率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组雄虾的腹部含肉率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组肝胰腺肝小管管腔结构呈不规则的多角星形,分泌细胞变大的液泡增多、纤维细胞数量增加,肠道皱襞上的微绒毛数量增加。两组肠道菌群多样性指数差异不显著(P>0.05)。克氏原螯虾肠道中优势菌门为软壁菌门、厚壁菌门、变形菌门和拟杆菌门,主要优势菌属是棍状厌氧菌属、寡养单胞菌属、营发酵单胞菌属和拟杆菌属。与对照组相比,试验组虾肠道软壁菌门和厚壁菌门相对丰度提高,变形菌门和拟杆菌门相对丰度下降。试验组棍状厌氧菌属和拟杆菌属相对丰度提高,寡养单胞菌属和营发酵单胞菌属相对丰度有所下降。研究表明,在稻虾共作模式中,发酵饲料可以促进克氏原螯虾生长,降低饲料系数,改善肠道微生物菌群组成,改变肠道和肝胰腺组织结构。
The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of fermented feed on the growth performance,tissue structure,and intestinal microbiota of Procambarus clarkii in rice-crayfish co-culture sytems.A total of 800 healthy Procambarus clarkii of comparable size were randomly allocated to two groups,four replicates in each group and 100 Procambarus clarkii in each replicate.The control group was fed with commercial pellet feed,while the experimental group was fed with bio-fermented feed.The pre-test period was seven days and the formal test period was 60 days.The results showed that the final weight,weight gain rate,and specific growth rate of Procambarus clarkii in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the feed coefficient was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The final weight,average final body length,fat fullness degree,and chelate ratio of the female shrimps in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the abdominal meat content rate was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The abdominal meat content rate of male shrimp in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).In the experimental group,the lumen structure of the hepatic tubules of the hepatopancreas presented an irregular polygonal star shape,with an increase in the number of enlarged secretory vacuoles and fibroblasts,and the number of microvilli on the intestinal folds was increased.There was no significant difference in the diversity index of intestinal flora between the two groups(P>0.05).The dominant bacterial phyla in the intestinal tract were Tenericutes,Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,and Bacteroidetes of Procambarus clarkii.The dominant bacterial genera were Anaerorhabdus,Pseudomonas,Dysgonomonas,and Bacteroides.Compared with the control group,the relative abundances of the Tenericutes and Firmicutes in the intestinal tract of shrimp in the experimental group increased,while the relative abundances of the Proteobacteria and Bacteroides decreased.The relative abundances of Anaerorhabdus and Bacteroides in the experimental group increased,while the relative abundances of Pseudomonas and Dysgonomonas decreased.The study indicates that fermented feed can enhances growth,reduces feed coefficient,improves the composition of intestinal microbiota,and alter the structure of intestinal and hepatopancreatic tissues in Procambarus clarkii in rice-crayfish co-culture systems.
作者
韩光明
吴雷明
覃宝利
寇祥明
张家宏
王守红
叶小梅
徐宏琴
HAN Guangming;WU Leiming;QIN Baoli;KOU Xiangming;ZHANG Jiahong;WANG Shouhong;YE Xiaomei;XU Hongqin
出处
《饲料研究》
北大核心
2025年第14期63-68,共6页
Feed Research
基金
江苏省农业科技自主创新资金(项目编号:CX(21)1008)
江苏现代农业(克氏原螯虾)产业技术体系(项目编号:JATS[2023]241)
扬州市科技计划项目(项目编号:YZ2022037)
扬州市生态农业重点试验室(项目编号:YZ2023244)。
关键词
克氏原螯虾
发酵饲料
生长性能
组织结构
肠道菌群
Procambarus clarkii
fermented feed
growth performance
tissue structure
intestinal microbiota
