摘要
在全球气候变化影响加剧背景下,大坝面临的环境愈发复杂极端,构建智能大坝是保障大坝高水平安全、高质量发展的关键,是坝工技术发展的必然。系统阐述了智能大坝的发展阶段和实践路径。根据功能需求与技术可行性,智能大坝发展分为三个阶段:初级阶段,搭建起比较完备的监测感知体系,主要依托传统理论方法结合工程经验分析诊断,决策与调控依赖人工完成;中级阶段,升级为完备的监测感知体系,分析诊断以仿真技术为核心,决策与调控借助智能化辅助决策平台实现;高级阶段,构建起透彻的监测感知体系,分析诊断、决策及调控全过程由人工智能技术主导。智能大坝的实践路径是数字孪生,通过映射物理大坝与数字大坝构建同步仿真运行平台,对大坝性态全要素和运行管理全过程进行数字化映射、智能化模拟,虚实交互、耦合优化,提升调度指挥的科学性与安全性。在此基础上分阶段、分类别推进智能大坝建设,推动大坝建设与运维模式实现系统性变革。
Under the background of intensifying of global climate change,dam construction faces more challenges and complex environments.Smart dam construction becomes the key to ensure high-level dam safety and high-quality development and inevitable for dam engineering technology development.A systematic analysis was conducted on stages and practical paths of smart dam development.According to functions and technical feasibility,its development is divided into three stages.In the primary stage,a relatively complete monitoring and perception system shall be built to rely on traditional theoretical methods combined with lessons learned from projects for decision-making and regulation by man.In the intermediate stage,a complete monitoring and perception system is upgraded with simulation technology as the core for analysis and diagnosis and an intelligent platform for decision-making and regulation.In the advanced stage,a comprehensive monitoring and perception system shall be set up,with the entire process of analysis,diagnosis,decision-making,and regulation led by artificial intelligence technology.Digital twin shall be the practical path for smart dam development,with a synchronous simulation operation platform by mapping physical and digital dams.It digitally maps and intelligently simulates all elements of dam behavior and the entire process of operation and management,and optimizes virtual real interaction and coupling to realize scientificity and safety of scheduling and commanding.Based on the above,it aims to boost smart dam construction and facilitate systematic reform in dam construction and operation.
作者
柴福鑫
辛建达
程恒
张磊
CHAI Fuxin;XIN Jianda;CHENG Heng;ZHANG Lei
出处
《中国水利》
2025年第16期66-71,共6页
China Water Resources
关键词
智能大坝
监测感知
分析诊断
决策调控
数字孪生
smart dam
monitoring perception
analysis and diagnosis
decision-making and control
digital twin
