摘要
目的通过孕期乳腺超声检查,观察BI-RADS 3类乳腺病变(如低回声肿物)的发生与发展,以评估孕期的变化情况,同时探讨影响变化的其他因素。方法收集2021年1月—2024年12月期间,在长春市妇产医院接受常规产前乳腺超声检查的6321例孕妇数据,采用Esaote My Lab 20 plus型彩色多普勒超声诊断仪,对乳腺病灶进行动态监测。所有病变根据中国女性乳腺癌筛查标准(T/CPMA 014-2020)进行分级。通过χ^(2)检验,评估孕期影响BI-RADS 3类乳腺病变发生的主要因素。与此同时,跟踪复查病变的大小和形态,分析其在孕期的变化情况。结果在超声检查中发现的3类以上病变占比为9.3%,其中65.7%(共387例)进行了复查。妊娠期间这些病变的长轴变化情况为:增大占47.4%,减小占52.7%;短轴方面:55.8%呈增大趋势,44.3%出现缩小;综合评估长短轴变化:51.2%增大,48.8%缩小。对这些数据进行统计分析未见显著差异,这一结果表明该类病变在孕期多呈现稳定状态,且生长速度较慢。研究发现,孕妇年龄、疾病史以及生育次数是该类病变超声发现的影响因素,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。未发现乳头异常情况及副乳存在与该病变的相关性。结论孕期对BI-RADS 3类乳腺病变的增长并未产生显著影响,且大多数乳腺低回声肿物在孕期保持稳定。尽管孕期激素水平变化对乳腺组织有一定影响,但未导致BI-RADS 3类病变的恶性转化或显著增大。因此,建议对孕期出现的BI-RADS 3类乳腺病变采取定期随访观察的保守治疗策略,而非急于干预。
Objective The purpose of this study is to observe the occurrence and development of BI-RADS category 3 breast lesions(such as hypoechoic masses)during pregnancy through breast ultrasound examinations.The study aims to evaluate the changes during pregnancy and explore other factors that may influence these changes.The study focuses on investigating the impact of pregnancy on breast lesions,especially the growth characteristics of BI-RADS category 3 lesions,to provide scientific evidence for breast health management during pregnancy.Methods This study collected data from 6321 pregnant women who underwent routine prenatal breast ultrasound examinations at Changchun maternal and child health hospital between January 2021 and December 2024.The examinations were conducted using an Esaote My Lab 20 Plus color Doppler ultrasound diagnostic system,with dynamic monitoring of breast lesions.All lesions were classified according to the Chinese female breast cancer screening guidelines(T/CPMA 014-2020).The main factors affecting the occurrence of BI-RADS category 3 breast lesions during pregnancy were evaluated using chi-square tests.In addition,lesion size and morphology were tracked and reassessed to analyze their changes during pregnancy.Results Among the lesions detected by ultrasound,9.3%were classified as category 3 or higher,with 65.7%(387 cases)undergoing follow-up examinations.Regarding changes in the long axis during pregnancy,47.4%increased in size,while 52.7%decreased.In the short axis,55.8%exhibited an increasing trend,while 44.3%showed a decrease��A comprehensive assessment of both axes revealed that 51.2%of lesions increased in size,while 48.8%decreased.Statistical analysis of these data showed no significant differences,indicating that these lesions remained stable during pregnancy,with a slow growth rate.The study found that maternal age,medical history,and parity were significant factors influencing the detection of such lesions(P<0.05).No correlation was found between nipple abnormalities or accessory breast tissue and the occurrence of these lesions.Conclusion This study demonstrates that pregnancy does not have a significant impact on the growth of BI-RADS category 3 breast lesions,and most hypoechoic masses in the breast remain stable during pregnancy.Despite hormonal changes during pregnancy that may affect breast tissue,these do not lead to malignant transformation or significant enlargement of BI-RADS category 3 lesions.Therefore,it is recommended to adopt a conservative treatment strategy with regular follow-up monitoring for BI-RADS category 3 breast lesions during pregnancy,rather than pursuing immediate intervention.
作者
江玉娟
于德利
闫丽芹
蔡永新
杨大海
田晓巍
王小娇
张培伦
JIANG Yu-juan;YU De-li;YAN Li-qin;CAI Yong-xin;YANG Da-hai;TIAN Xiao-wei;WANG Xiao-jiao;ZHANG Pei-lun(Jilin Hospital,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Changchun Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Changchun Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Changchun Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Changchun,Jilin 13000,China)
出处
《中国妇幼保健》
2025年第15期2903-2906,共4页
Maternal and Child Health Care of China
基金
吉林省卫生与健康科技创新自筹经费项目(2020Z007)。
