摘要
光学设备玻璃视窗的起雾问题显著降低了成像质量,其严重程度与液膜厚度密切相关。通过可视化实验,研究了不同接触角的无机玻璃表面液滴的冷凝过程及生长状态,并分析了不同过冷度和相对湿度下疏水性玻璃液滴凝结过程的变化规律。实验发现:疏水性玻璃在初期有效减缓液滴凝结,而亲水性玻璃在中期通过液滴铺展形成较薄的水膜,对成像干扰较小;过冷度和相对湿度与液滴的凝结速率呈正相关。高相对湿度92%RH条件下,液滴的凝结速率在下为低湿度72%RH条件的1.3~1.6倍;疏水性无机玻璃上凝结液滴的覆盖率趋于稳定后,峰值在45%~60%波动;在凝结初期,液膜厚度与凝结时间呈正比,并得出了两者之间的拟合线性关系式。这些实验结果为工程实践中,特定环境下设备玻璃窗口的材质选择及防雾设计提供了重要依据。
The fogging problem of glass viewports of optical devices significantly reduces the imaging quality,and its severity is closely related to the liquid film thickness.Through visualization experiments,the condensation process and growth state of droplets on the surface of inorganic glass with different contact angles were investigated,and the changing rule of the droplet condensation process of hydrophobic glass under different supercooling degrees and relative humidity was analyzed.It is found that the hydrophobic glass effectively slows down the droplet condensation in the early stage,while the hydrophilic glass forms a thin water film in the middle stage through droplet spreading,which interferes less with the imaging;the degree of subcooling and relative humidity are positively correlated with the rate of droplet condensation.Under the condition of high relative humidity of 92%RH,the condensation rate of droplets in the lower is 1.3~1.6 times that under the condition of low humidity of 72%RH;the coverage of condensed droplets on the hydrophobic inorganic glass tends to be stabilized,and then the peak value fluctuates between 45%and 60%;in the early stage of condensation,the thickness of the liquid film is positively proportional to the time of condensation,and a fitted linear equation between the two has been derived.These experimental results provide an important basis for the material selection and anti-fog design of equipment glass windows in specific environments in engineering practice.
作者
杨慧玲
李蒙蒙
陈亚江
张超
YANG Hui-ling;LI Meng-meng;CHEN Ya-jiang;ZHANG Chao(Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Quantum State Control and Optical Field Manipulation,Department of Physics,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Harmonized Technology of Vision&Transmission,Zhejiang Dahua Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310018,China)
出处
《科学技术与工程》
北大核心
2025年第23期9821-9827,共7页
Science Technology and Engineering
关键词
液滴
液膜
玻璃
接触角
凝结过程
覆盖率
成像
droplet
liquid membrane
glass
contact angle
condensation process
fraction of coverage
imaging
