摘要
企业劳动力市场势力是影响初次收入分配格局的重要因素。本文利用2007-2015年全国税收调查数据中的制造业企业样本,基于《社会保险法》实施的准自然实验进行研究,发现《社会保险法》的实施显著增强了企业的劳动力市场势力。机制分析表明,《社会保险法》提升了企业员工的社保参保率;与此同时,受社保统筹层次低、地区政策碎片化的影响,劳动者工作转换摩擦成本增加,跨地市工作流动概率降低,进而降低了企业面临的劳动供给弹性,导致企业劳动力市场势力增强。养老保险统筹改革则有效削弱了这一效应。异质性分析显示,该效应在高人力资本行业、大中型企业、制度保护完善地区的企业中更弱。文章结论从劳动力市场竞争性的角度,阐释了建立统一社保体系的理论逻辑,对深化全国统一大市场建设具有一定的政策启示。
Firms'labor market power is a critical determinant of the primary income distribution.This study investigates its relationship with social insurance policies,using data from manufacturing firms in the 2007-2015 National Tax Survey and leveraging the implementation of China's Social Insurance Law as a quasi-natural experiment.Our findings reveal that the law's implementation significantly enhanced firms'labor market power.The mechanism analysis indicates that while the law increased employee enrollment in social insurance,it also intensified job-switching frictions due to low-level pooling and fragmented regional policies.This decreased workers'inter-city mobility,consequently reducing the labor supply elasticity firms faced and thereby strengthening their market power.Notably,subsequent pension pooling reforms effectively mitigated this effect.A heterogeneity analysis further demonstrates that this impact is less pronounced in human capitalintensive industries,for large and medium-sized enterprises,and in regions with robust institutional protections.From the perspective of labor market competition,our conclusions provide a theoretical rationale for establishing a unified social insurance system and offer policy insights for the development of a unified national market.
作者
李保华
伊辉
Li Baohua;Yi Hui(School of Economics,Dongbei University of Finance and Economics)
出处
《劳动经济研究》
北大核心
2025年第4期111-139,共29页
Studies in Labor Economics
基金
辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目(项目编号:L21BJL005)的资助。
关键词
职工社保
社会保险法
劳动力市场势力
社保政策碎片化
employee social insurance
Social Insurance Law
labor market power
fragmentation of social insurance policies
